//
//  SharedUtil.cpp
//  hifi
//
//  Created by Stephen Birarda on 2/22/13.
//  Copyright (c) 2013 HighFidelity, Inc. All rights reserved.
//

#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cctype>
#include <time.h>

#ifdef _WIN32
#include "Syssocket.h"
#endif

#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
#endif

#include <QtCore/QDebug>

#include "OctalCode.h"
#include "PacketHeaders.h"
#include "SharedUtil.h"

uint64_t usecTimestamp(const timeval *time) {
    return (time->tv_sec * 1000000 + time->tv_usec);
}

uint64_t usecTimestampNow() {
    timeval now;
    gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
    return (now.tv_sec * 1000000 + now.tv_usec);
}

float randFloat () {
    return (rand() % 10000)/10000.f;
}

int randIntInRange (int min, int max) {
    return min + (rand() % ((max + 1) - min));
}

float randFloatInRange (float min,float max) {
    return min + ((rand() % 10000)/10000.f * (max-min));
}

unsigned char randomColorValue(int miniumum) {
    return miniumum + (rand() % (256 - miniumum));
}

bool randomBoolean() {
    return rand() % 2;
}

bool shouldDo(float desiredInterval, float deltaTime) {
    return randFloat() < deltaTime / desiredInterval;
}

void outputBufferBits(const unsigned char* buffer, int length, bool withNewLine) {
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        outputBits(buffer[i], false);
    }
    if (withNewLine) {
        qDebug("\n");
    }
}

void outputBits(unsigned char byte, bool withNewLine) {
    if (isalnum(byte)) {
        printf("[ %d (%c): ", byte, byte);
    } else {
        printf("[ %d (0x%x): ", byte, byte);
    }
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        printf("%d", byte >> (7 - i) & 1);
    }
    printf(" ] ");
    
    if (withNewLine) {
        printf("\n");
    }
}

int numberOfOnes(unsigned char byte) {
    return (byte >> 7)
        + ((byte >> 6) & 1)
        + ((byte >> 5) & 1)
        + ((byte >> 4) & 1)
        + ((byte >> 3) & 1)
        + ((byte >> 2) & 1)
        + ((byte >> 1) & 1)
        + (byte & 1);
}

bool oneAtBit(unsigned char byte, int bitIndex) {
    return (byte >> (7 - bitIndex) & 1);
}

void setAtBit(unsigned char& byte, int bitIndex) {
    byte += (1 << (7 - bitIndex));
}

void clearAtBit(unsigned char& byte, int bitIndex) {
    if (oneAtBit(byte, bitIndex)) {
        byte -= (1 << (7 - bitIndex));
    }
}

int  getSemiNibbleAt(unsigned char& byte, int bitIndex) {
    return (byte >> (6 - bitIndex) & 3); // semi-nibbles store 00, 01, 10, or 11
}

int getNthBit(unsigned char byte, int ordinal) {
    const int ERROR = -1;
    const int MIN_ORDINAL = 1;
    const int MAX_ORDINAL = 8;
    if (ordinal < MIN_ORDINAL || ordinal > MAX_ORDINAL) {
        return ERROR;
    }
    int bitsSet = 0;
    for (int bitIndex = 0; bitIndex < MAX_ORDINAL; bitIndex++) {
        if (oneAtBit(byte, bitIndex)) {
            bitsSet++;
        }
        if (bitsSet == ordinal) {
            return bitIndex;
        }
    }
    return ERROR;
}

bool isBetween(int64_t value, int64_t max, int64_t min) { 
    return ((value <= max) && (value >= min)); 
}



void setSemiNibbleAt(unsigned char& byte, int bitIndex, int value) {
    //assert(value <= 3 && value >= 0);
    byte += ((value & 3) << (6 - bitIndex)); // semi-nibbles store 00, 01, 10, or 11
}

bool isInEnvironment(const char* environment) {
    char* environmentString = getenv("HIFI_ENVIRONMENT");
    
    if (environmentString && strcmp(environmentString, environment) == 0) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}

void switchToResourcesParentIfRequired() {
#ifdef __APPLE__
    CFBundleRef mainBundle = CFBundleGetMainBundle();
    CFURLRef resourcesURL = CFBundleCopyResourcesDirectoryURL(mainBundle);
    char path[PATH_MAX];
    if (!CFURLGetFileSystemRepresentation(resourcesURL, TRUE, (UInt8 *)path, PATH_MAX)) {
        // error!
    }
    CFRelease(resourcesURL);
    
    chdir(path);
    chdir("..");
#endif
}

void loadRandomIdentifier(unsigned char* identifierBuffer, int numBytes) {
    // seed the the random number generator
    srand(time(NULL));
    
    for (int i = 0; i < numBytes; i++) {
        identifierBuffer[i] = rand() % 256;
    }
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Function:    getCmdOption()
// Description: Handy little function to tell you if a command line flag and option was
//              included while launching the application, and to get the option value
//              immediately following the flag. For example if you ran:
//                      ./app -i filename.txt
//              then you're using the "-i" flag to set the input file name.
// Usage:       char * inputFilename = getCmdOption(argc, argv, "-i");
// Complaints:  Brad :)
const char* getCmdOption(int argc, const char * argv[],const char* option) {
    // check each arg
    for (int i=0; i < argc; i++) {
        // if the arg matches the desired option
        if (strcmp(option,argv[i])==0 && i+1 < argc) {
            // then return the next option
            return argv[i+1];
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Function:    getCmdOption()
// Description: Handy little function to tell you if a command line option flag was
//              included while launching the application. Returns bool true/false
// Usage:       bool wantDump   = cmdOptionExists(argc, argv, "-d");
// Complaints:  Brad :)

bool cmdOptionExists(int argc, const char * argv[],const char* option) {
    // check each arg
    for (int i=0; i < argc; i++) {
        // if the arg matches the desired option
        if (strcmp(option,argv[i])==0) {
            // then return the next option
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

void sharedMessageHandler(QtMsgType type, const QMessageLogContext& context, const QString &message) {
    fprintf(stdout, "%s", message.toLocal8Bit().constData());
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Function:    createVoxelEditMessage()
// Description: creates an "insert" or "remove" voxel message for a voxel code 
//              corresponding to the closest voxel which encloses a cube with
//              lower corners at x,y,z, having side of length S.  
//              The input values x,y,z range 0.0 <= v < 1.0
//              message should be either 'S' for SET or 'E' for ERASE
//
// IMPORTANT:   The buffer is returned to you a buffer which you MUST delete when you are
//              done with it.
//
// HACK ATTACK: Well, what if this is larger than the MTU? That's the caller's problem, we
//              just truncate the message
//
// Complaints:  Brad :)
#define GUESS_OF_VOXELCODE_SIZE 10
#define MAXIMUM_EDIT_VOXEL_MESSAGE_SIZE 1500
#define SIZE_OF_COLOR_DATA sizeof(rgbColor)
bool createVoxelEditMessage(unsigned char command, short int sequence, 
        int voxelCount, VoxelDetail* voxelDetails, unsigned char*& bufferOut, int& sizeOut) {
        
    bool success = true; // assume the best
    int messageSize = MAXIMUM_EDIT_VOXEL_MESSAGE_SIZE; // just a guess for now
    unsigned char* messageBuffer = new unsigned char[messageSize];
    
    int numBytesPacketHeader = populateTypeAndVersion(messageBuffer, command);
    unsigned short int* sequenceAt = (unsigned short int*) &messageBuffer[numBytesPacketHeader];
    *sequenceAt = sequence;

    // pack in timestamp
    uint64_t now = usecTimestampNow();
    uint64_t* timeAt = (uint64_t*)&messageBuffer[numBytesPacketHeader + sizeof(sequence)];
    *timeAt = now;

    unsigned char* copyAt = &messageBuffer[numBytesPacketHeader + sizeof(sequence) + sizeof(now)];
    int actualMessageSize = numBytesPacketHeader + sizeof(sequence) + sizeof(now);

    for (int i = 0; i < voxelCount && success; i++) {
        // get the coded voxel
        unsigned char* voxelData = pointToVoxel(voxelDetails[i].x,voxelDetails[i].y,voxelDetails[i].z,
            voxelDetails[i].s,voxelDetails[i].red,voxelDetails[i].green,voxelDetails[i].blue);
            
        int lengthOfVoxelData = bytesRequiredForCodeLength(*voxelData)+SIZE_OF_COLOR_DATA;
        
        // make sure we have room to copy this voxel
        if (actualMessageSize + lengthOfVoxelData > MAXIMUM_EDIT_VOXEL_MESSAGE_SIZE) {
            success = false;
        } else {
            // add it to our message
            memcpy(copyAt, voxelData, lengthOfVoxelData);
            copyAt += lengthOfVoxelData;
            actualMessageSize += lengthOfVoxelData;
        }
        // cleanup
        delete[] voxelData;
    }

    if (success) {    
        // finally, copy the result to the output
        bufferOut = new unsigned char[actualMessageSize];
        sizeOut = actualMessageSize;
        memcpy(bufferOut, messageBuffer, actualMessageSize);
    }
    
    delete[] messageBuffer; // clean up our temporary buffer
    return success;
}

/// encodes the voxel details portion of a voxel edit message
bool encodeVoxelEditMessageDetails(unsigned char command, int voxelCount, VoxelDetail* voxelDetails, 
        unsigned char* bufferOut, int sizeIn, int& sizeOut) {

    bool success = true; // assume the best
    unsigned char* copyAt = bufferOut;
    sizeOut = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i < voxelCount && success; i++) {
        // get the coded voxel
        unsigned char* voxelData = pointToVoxel(voxelDetails[i].x,voxelDetails[i].y,voxelDetails[i].z,
            voxelDetails[i].s,voxelDetails[i].red,voxelDetails[i].green,voxelDetails[i].blue);
            
        int lengthOfVoxelData = bytesRequiredForCodeLength(*voxelData)+SIZE_OF_COLOR_DATA;
        
        // make sure we have room to copy this voxel
        if (sizeOut + lengthOfVoxelData > sizeIn) {
            success = false;
        } else {
            // add it to our message
            memcpy(copyAt, voxelData, lengthOfVoxelData);
            copyAt += lengthOfVoxelData;
            sizeOut += lengthOfVoxelData;
        }
        // cleanup
        delete[] voxelData;
    }

    return success;
}


//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Function:    pointToVoxel()
// Description: Given a universal point with location x,y,z this will return the voxel
//              voxel code corresponding to the closest voxel which encloses a cube with
//              lower corners at x,y,z, having side of length S.  
//              The input values x,y,z range 0.0 <= v < 1.0
// TO DO:       This code is not very DRY. It should be cleaned up to be DRYer.
// IMPORTANT:   The voxel is returned to you a buffer which you MUST delete when you are
//              done with it.
// Usage:       
//                  unsigned char* voxelData = pointToVoxel(x,y,z,s,red,green,blue);
//                  tree->readCodeColorBufferToTree(voxelData);
//                  delete voxelData;
//
// Complaints:  Brad :)
unsigned char* pointToVoxel(float x, float y, float z, float s, unsigned char r, unsigned char g, unsigned char b ) {

    float xTest, yTest, zTest, sTest; 
    xTest = yTest = zTest = sTest = 0.5f;

    // First determine the voxelSize that will properly encode a 
    // voxel of size S.
    unsigned int voxelSizeInOctets = 1;
    while (sTest > s) {
        sTest /= 2.0;
        voxelSizeInOctets++;
    }

    unsigned int voxelSizeInBytes = bytesRequiredForCodeLength(voxelSizeInOctets); // (voxelSizeInBits/8)+1;
    unsigned int voxelBufferSize = voxelSizeInBytes + sizeof(rgbColor); // 3 for color

    // allocate our resulting buffer
    unsigned char* voxelOut = new unsigned char[voxelBufferSize];

    // first byte of buffer is always our size in octets
    voxelOut[0]=voxelSizeInOctets;

    sTest = 0.5f; // reset sTest so we can do this again.

    unsigned char byte = 0; // we will be adding coding bits here
    int bitInByteNDX = 0; // keep track of where we are in byte as we go
    int byteNDX = 1; // keep track of where we are in buffer of bytes as we go
    int octetsDone = 0;

    // Now we actually fill out the voxel code
    while (octetsDone < voxelSizeInOctets) {
        if (x >= xTest) {
            //<write 1 bit>
            byte = (byte << 1) | true;
            xTest += sTest/2.0; 
        } else { 
            //<write 0 bit;>
            byte = (byte << 1) | false;
            xTest -= sTest/2.0; 
        }
        bitInByteNDX++;
        // If we've reached the last bit of the byte, then we want to copy this byte
        // into our buffer. And get ready to start on a new byte
        if (bitInByteNDX == 8) {
            voxelOut[byteNDX]=byte;
            byteNDX++;
            bitInByteNDX=0;
            byte=0;
        }

        if (y >= yTest) {
            //<write 1 bit>
            byte = (byte << 1) | true;
            yTest += sTest/2.0; 
        } else { 
            //<write 0 bit;>
            byte = (byte << 1) | false;
            yTest -= sTest/2.0; 
        }
        bitInByteNDX++;
        // If we've reached the last bit of the byte, then we want to copy this byte
        // into our buffer. And get ready to start on a new byte
        if (bitInByteNDX == 8) {
            voxelOut[byteNDX]=byte;
            byteNDX++;
            bitInByteNDX=0;
            byte=0;
        }

        if (z >= zTest) {
            //<write 1 bit>
            byte = (byte << 1) | true;
            zTest += sTest/2.0; 
        } else { 
            //<write 0 bit;>
            byte = (byte << 1) | false;
            zTest -= sTest/2.0; 
        }
        bitInByteNDX++;
        // If we've reached the last bit of the byte, then we want to copy this byte
        // into our buffer. And get ready to start on a new byte
        if (bitInByteNDX == 8) {
            voxelOut[byteNDX]=byte;
            byteNDX++;
            bitInByteNDX=0;
            byte=0;
        }

        octetsDone++;
        sTest /= 2.0;
    } 

    // If we've got here, and we didn't fill the last byte, we need to zero pad this
    // byte before we copy it into our buffer.
    if (bitInByteNDX > 0 && bitInByteNDX < 8) {
        // Pad the last byte
        while (bitInByteNDX < 8) {
            byte = (byte << 1) | false;
            bitInByteNDX++;
        }
    
        // Copy it into our output buffer
        voxelOut[byteNDX]=byte;
        byteNDX++;
    }
    // copy color data
    voxelOut[byteNDX]=r;
    voxelOut[byteNDX+1]=g;
    voxelOut[byteNDX+2]=b;

    return voxelOut;
}

void printVoxelCode(unsigned char* voxelCode) {
    unsigned char octets = voxelCode[0];
	unsigned int voxelSizeInBits = octets*3;
	unsigned int voxelSizeInBytes = (voxelSizeInBits/8)+1;
	unsigned int voxelSizeInOctets = (voxelSizeInBits/3);
	unsigned int voxelBufferSize = voxelSizeInBytes+1+3; // 1 for size, 3 for color

    qDebug("octets=%d\n",octets);
    qDebug("voxelSizeInBits=%d\n",voxelSizeInBits);
    qDebug("voxelSizeInBytes=%d\n",voxelSizeInBytes);
    qDebug("voxelSizeInOctets=%d\n",voxelSizeInOctets);
    qDebug("voxelBufferSize=%d\n",voxelBufferSize);
    
    for(int i=0;i<voxelBufferSize;i++) {
        qDebug("i=%d ",i);
        outputBits(voxelCode[i]);
    }
}

#ifdef _WIN32
    void usleep(int waitTime) {
        __int64 time1 = 0, time2 = 0, sysFreq = 0;

        QueryPerformanceCounter((LARGE_INTEGER *)&time1);
        QueryPerformanceFrequency((LARGE_INTEGER *)&sysFreq);
        do {
            QueryPerformanceCounter((LARGE_INTEGER *)&time2);
        } while( (time2 - time1) < waitTime);
    }
#endif

// Inserts the value and key into three arrays sorted by the key array, the first array is the value,
// the second array is a sorted key for the value, the third array is the index for the value in it original
// non-sorted array 
// returns -1 if size exceeded
// originalIndexArray is optional
int insertIntoSortedArrays(void* value, float key, int originalIndex, 
                           void** valueArray, float* keyArray, int* originalIndexArray, 
                           int currentCount, int maxCount) {
            
    if (currentCount < maxCount) {
        int i = 0;
        if (currentCount > 0) {
            while (i < currentCount && key > keyArray[i]) {
                i++;
            }
            // i is our desired location
            // shift array elements to the right
            if (i < currentCount && i+1 < maxCount) {
                memmove(&valueArray[i + 1], &valueArray[i], sizeof(void*) * (currentCount - i));
                memmove(&keyArray[i + 1], &keyArray[i], sizeof(float) * (currentCount - i));
                if (originalIndexArray) {
                    memmove(&originalIndexArray[i + 1], &originalIndexArray[i], sizeof(int) * (currentCount - i));
                }
            }
        }
        // place new element at i
        valueArray[i] = value;
        keyArray[i] = key;
        if (originalIndexArray) {
            originalIndexArray[i] = originalIndex;
        }
        return currentCount + 1;
    }
    return -1; // error case
}

int removeFromSortedArrays(void* value, void** valueArray, float* keyArray, int* originalIndexArray, 
                           int currentCount, int maxCount) {

    int i = 0;
    if (currentCount > 0) {
        while (i < currentCount && value != valueArray[i]) {
            i++;
        }
        
        if (value == valueArray[i] && i < currentCount) {
            // i is the location of the item we were looking for
            // shift array elements to the left
            memmove(&valueArray[i], &valueArray[i + 1], sizeof(void*) * ((currentCount-1) - i));
            memmove(&keyArray[i], &keyArray[i + 1], sizeof(float) * ((currentCount-1) - i));
            if (originalIndexArray) {
                memmove(&originalIndexArray[i], &originalIndexArray[i + 1], sizeof(int) * ((currentCount-1) - i));
            }
            return currentCount-1;
        }
    }
    return -1; // error case
}

// Allows sending of fixed-point numbers: radix 1 makes 15.1 number, radix 8 makes 8.8 number, etc
int packFloatScalarToSignedTwoByteFixed(unsigned char* buffer, float scalar, int radix) {
    int16_t outVal = (int16_t)(scalar * (float)(1 << radix));
    memcpy(buffer, &outVal, sizeof(uint16_t));
    return sizeof(uint16_t);
}

int unpackFloatScalarFromSignedTwoByteFixed(int16_t* byteFixedPointer, float* destinationPointer, int radix) {
    *destinationPointer = *byteFixedPointer / (float)(1 << radix);
    return sizeof(int16_t);
}

int packFloatVec3ToSignedTwoByteFixed(unsigned char* destBuffer, const glm::vec3& srcVector, int radix) {
    const unsigned char* startPosition = destBuffer;
    destBuffer += packFloatScalarToSignedTwoByteFixed(destBuffer, srcVector.x, radix);
    destBuffer += packFloatScalarToSignedTwoByteFixed(destBuffer, srcVector.y, radix);
    destBuffer += packFloatScalarToSignedTwoByteFixed(destBuffer, srcVector.z, radix);
    return destBuffer - startPosition;
}

int unpackFloatVec3FromSignedTwoByteFixed(unsigned char* sourceBuffer, glm::vec3& destination, int radix) {
    const unsigned char* startPosition = sourceBuffer;
    sourceBuffer += unpackFloatScalarFromSignedTwoByteFixed((int16_t*) sourceBuffer, &(destination.x), radix);
    sourceBuffer += unpackFloatScalarFromSignedTwoByteFixed((int16_t*) sourceBuffer, &(destination.y), radix);
    sourceBuffer += unpackFloatScalarFromSignedTwoByteFixed((int16_t*) sourceBuffer, &(destination.z), radix);
    return sourceBuffer - startPosition;
}


int packFloatAngleToTwoByte(unsigned char* buffer, float angle) {
    const float ANGLE_CONVERSION_RATIO = (std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max() / 360.0);
    
    uint16_t angleHolder = floorf((angle + 180) * ANGLE_CONVERSION_RATIO);
    memcpy(buffer, &angleHolder, sizeof(uint16_t));
    
    return sizeof(uint16_t);
}

int unpackFloatAngleFromTwoByte(uint16_t* byteAnglePointer, float* destinationPointer) {
    *destinationPointer = (*byteAnglePointer / (float) std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) * 360.0 - 180;
    return sizeof(uint16_t);
}

int packOrientationQuatToBytes(unsigned char* buffer, const glm::quat& quatInput) {
    const float QUAT_PART_CONVERSION_RATIO = (std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max() / 2.0);
    uint16_t quatParts[4];
    quatParts[0] = floorf((quatInput.x + 1.0) * QUAT_PART_CONVERSION_RATIO);
    quatParts[1] = floorf((quatInput.y + 1.0) * QUAT_PART_CONVERSION_RATIO);
    quatParts[2] = floorf((quatInput.z + 1.0) * QUAT_PART_CONVERSION_RATIO);
    quatParts[3] = floorf((quatInput.w + 1.0) * QUAT_PART_CONVERSION_RATIO);

    memcpy(buffer, &quatParts, sizeof(quatParts));
    return sizeof(quatParts);
}

int unpackOrientationQuatFromBytes(unsigned char* buffer, glm::quat& quatOutput) {
    uint16_t quatParts[4];
    memcpy(&quatParts, buffer, sizeof(quatParts));

    quatOutput.x = ((quatParts[0] / (float) std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) * 2.0) - 1.0;
    quatOutput.y = ((quatParts[1] / (float) std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) * 2.0) - 1.0;
    quatOutput.z = ((quatParts[2] / (float) std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) * 2.0) - 1.0;
    quatOutput.w = ((quatParts[3] / (float) std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) * 2.0) - 1.0;

    return sizeof(quatParts);
}

float SMALL_LIMIT = 10.0;
float LARGE_LIMIT = 1000.0;

int packFloatRatioToTwoByte(unsigned char* buffer, float ratio) {
    // if the ratio is less than 10, then encode it as a positive number scaled from 0 to int16::max()
    int16_t ratioHolder;
    
    if (ratio < SMALL_LIMIT) {
        const float SMALL_RATIO_CONVERSION_RATIO = (std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::max() / SMALL_LIMIT);
        ratioHolder = floorf(ratio * SMALL_RATIO_CONVERSION_RATIO);
    } else {
        const float LARGE_RATIO_CONVERSION_RATIO = std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::min() / LARGE_LIMIT;
        ratioHolder = floorf((std::min(ratio,LARGE_LIMIT) - SMALL_LIMIT) * LARGE_RATIO_CONVERSION_RATIO);
    }
    memcpy(buffer, &ratioHolder, sizeof(ratioHolder));
    return sizeof(ratioHolder);
}

int unpackFloatRatioFromTwoByte(unsigned char* buffer, float& ratio) {
    int16_t ratioHolder;
    memcpy(&ratioHolder, buffer, sizeof(ratioHolder));

    // If it's positive, than the original ratio was less than SMALL_LIMIT
    if (ratioHolder > 0) {
        ratio = (ratioHolder / (float) std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::max()) * SMALL_LIMIT;
    } else {
        // If it's negative, than the original ratio was between SMALL_LIMIT and LARGE_LIMIT
        ratio = ((ratioHolder / (float) std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::min()) * LARGE_LIMIT) + SMALL_LIMIT;
    }
    return sizeof(ratioHolder);
}

int packClipValueToTwoByte(unsigned char* buffer, float clipValue) {
    // Clip values must be less than max signed 16bit integers
    assert(clipValue < std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::max());
    int16_t holder;
    
    // if the clip is less than 10, then encode it as a positive number scaled from 0 to int16::max()
    if (clipValue < SMALL_LIMIT) {
        const float SMALL_RATIO_CONVERSION_RATIO = (std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::max() / SMALL_LIMIT);
        holder = floorf(clipValue * SMALL_RATIO_CONVERSION_RATIO);
    } else {
        // otherwise we store it as a negative integer
        holder = -1 * floorf(clipValue);
    }
    memcpy(buffer, &holder, sizeof(holder));
    return sizeof(holder);
}

int unpackClipValueFromTwoByte(unsigned char* buffer, float& clipValue) {
    int16_t holder;
    memcpy(&holder, buffer, sizeof(holder));

    // If it's positive, than the original clipValue was less than SMALL_LIMIT
    if (holder > 0) {
        clipValue = (holder / (float) std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::max()) * SMALL_LIMIT;
    } else {
        // If it's negative, than the original holder can be found as the opposite sign of holder
        clipValue = -1.0f * holder;
    }
    return sizeof(holder);
}

int packFloatToByte(unsigned char* buffer, float value, float scaleBy) {
    unsigned char holder;
    const float CONVERSION_RATIO = (255 / scaleBy);
    holder = floorf(value * CONVERSION_RATIO);
    memcpy(buffer, &holder, sizeof(holder));
    return sizeof(holder);
}

int unpackFloatFromByte(unsigned char* buffer, float& value, float scaleBy) {
    unsigned char holder;
    memcpy(&holder, buffer, sizeof(holder));
    value = ((float)holder / (float) 255) * scaleBy;
    return sizeof(holder);
}