diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index ab88e9e46a..a8271abd8e 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -36,7 +36,12 @@ if (WIN32)
   if (MSVC10)
     set(WINDOW_SDK_PATH "C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft SDKs\\Windows\\v7.1 ")
   elseif (MSVC12)
-    set(WINDOW_SDK_PATH "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Windows Kits\\8.1\\Lib\\winv6.3\\um\\x86 ")
+    if ("${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P}" EQUAL "8")
+      set(WINDOW_SDK_FOLDER "x64")    
+    else()
+      set(WINDOW_SDK_FOLDER "x86")    
+    endif()
+    set(WINDOW_SDK_PATH "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Windows Kits\\8.1\\Lib\\winv6.3\\um\\${WINDOW_SDK_FOLDER}") 
   endif ()
   message (WINDOW_SDK_PATH= ${WINDOW_SDK_PATH})
   set(CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH ${CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH} ${WINDOW_SDK_PATH})
diff --git a/assignment-client/src/octree/OctreeQueryNode.cpp b/assignment-client/src/octree/OctreeQueryNode.cpp
index ba47a15ef3..ffe2e24ca0 100644
--- a/assignment-client/src/octree/OctreeQueryNode.cpp
+++ b/assignment-client/src/octree/OctreeQueryNode.cpp
@@ -225,6 +225,8 @@ bool OctreeQueryNode::updateCurrentViewFrustum() {
     newestViewFrustum.setPosition(getCameraPosition());
     newestViewFrustum.setOrientation(getCameraOrientation());
 
+    newestViewFrustum.setKeyholeRadius(getKeyholeRadius());
+
     // Also make sure it's got the correct lens details from the camera
     float originalFOV = getCameraFov();
     float wideFOV = originalFOV + VIEW_FRUSTUM_FOV_OVERSEND;
diff --git a/cmake/externals/sixense/CMakeLists.txt b/cmake/externals/sixense/CMakeLists.txt
index c41694344e..16f2850449 100644
--- a/cmake/externals/sixense/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cmake/externals/sixense/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ string(TOUPPER ${EXTERNAL_NAME} EXTERNAL_NAME_UPPER)
 #set(SIXENSE_URL_MD5 "10cc8dc470d2ac1244a88cf04bc549cc")
 #set(SIXENSE_NEW_LAYOUT 0)
 
-#set(SIXENSE_URL "http://public.s3.amazonaws.com/dependencies/SixenseSDK_071615.zip")
-#set(SIXENSE_URL_MD5 "752a3901f334124e9cffc2ba4136ef7d")
-#set(SIXENSE_NEW_LAYOUT 1)
-
-set(SIXENSE_URL "http://hifi-public.s3.amazonaws.com/dependencies/SixenseSDK_102215.zip")
-set(SIXENSE_URL_MD5 "93c3a6795cce777a0f472b09532935f1")
+set(SIXENSE_URL "http://hifi-public.s3.amazonaws.com/dependencies/SixenseSDK_071615.zip")
+set(SIXENSE_URL_MD5 "752a3901f334124e9cffc2ba4136ef7d")
 set(SIXENSE_NEW_LAYOUT 1)
 
+#set(SIXENSE_URL "http://hifi-public.s3.amazonaws.com/dependencies/SixenseSDK_102215.zip")
+#set(SIXENSE_URL_MD5 "93c3a6795cce777a0f472b09532935f1")
+#set(SIXENSE_NEW_LAYOUT 1)
+
 ExternalProject_Add(
   ${EXTERNAL_NAME}
   URL ${SIXENSE_URL}
diff --git a/examples/away.js b/examples/away.js
index 8cc3790200..0a86815d68 100644
--- a/examples/away.js
+++ b/examples/away.js
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 // Goes into "paused" when the '.' key (and automatically when started in HMD), and normal when pressing any key.
 // See MAIN CONTROL, below, for what "paused" actually does.
 
-var IK_WINDOW_AFTER_GOING_ACTIVE = 3000; // milliseconds
 var OVERLAY_DATA = {
     text: "Paused:\npress any key to continue",
     font: {size: 75},
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ function playAwayAnimation() {
         return {isAway: true, isNotAway: false, isNotMoving: false, ikOverlayAlpha: 0.0};
     }
     if (stopper) {
-        Script.clearTimeout(stopper);
         stopper = false;
         MyAvatar.removeAnimationStateHandler(activeAnimationHandlerId); // do it now, before making new assignment
     }
@@ -47,15 +45,14 @@ function stopAwayAnimation() {
     // It cannot be as soon as we want to stop the away animation, because then things will look goofy as we come out of that animation.
     // (Imagine an away animation that sits or kneels, and then stands back up when coming out of it. If head is at the HMD, then it won't
     //  want to track the standing up animation.)
-    // Our standard anim graph flips 'awayOutroOnDone' for one frame, but it's a trigger (not an animVar) and other folks might use different graphs.
-    // So... Just give us a fixed amount of time to be done with animation, before we turn ik back on.
+    // The anim graph will trigger awayOutroOnDone when awayOutro is finished.
     var backToNormal = false;
-    stopper = Script.setTimeout(function () {
-        backToNormal = true;
-        stopper = false;
-    }, IK_WINDOW_AFTER_GOING_ACTIVE);
+    stopper = true;
     function animateActive(state) {
-        if (state.ikOverlayAlpha) {
+        if (state.awayOutroOnDone) {
+            backToNormal = true;
+            stopper = false;
+        } else if (state.ikOverlayAlpha) {
             // Once the right state gets reflected back to us, we don't need the hander any more.
             // But we are locked against handler changes during the execution of a handler, so remove asynchronously.
             Script.setTimeout(function () { MyAvatar.removeAnimationStateHandler(activeAnimationHandlerId); }, 0);
@@ -63,7 +60,7 @@ function stopAwayAnimation() {
         // It might be cool to "come back to life" by fading the ik overlay back in over a short time. But let's see how this goes.
         return {isAway: false, isNotAway: true, ikOverlayAlpha: backToNormal ? 1.0 : 0.0}; // IWBNI we had a way of deleting an anim var.
     }
-    activeAnimationHandlerId = MyAvatar.addAnimationStateHandler(animateActive, ['isAway', 'isNotAway', 'isNotMoving', 'ikOverlayAlpha']);
+    activeAnimationHandlerId = MyAvatar.addAnimationStateHandler(animateActive, ['ikOverlayAlpha', 'awayOutroOnDone']);
 }
 
 // OVERLAY
diff --git a/examples/drylake/createAvatarDetector.js b/examples/drylake/createAvatarDetector.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51ca55248e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/drylake/createAvatarDetector.js
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//
+//  createAvatarDetector.js
+//
+//  Created by James B. Pollack @imgntn on 12/7/2015
+//  Copyright 2015 High Fidelity, Inc.
+//
+//  Run this script if you want the rats to run away from you.
+//
+//  Distributed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
+//  See the accompanying file LICENSE or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html
+//
+
+
+var avatarDetector = null;
+
+function createAvatarDetector() {
+
+    var detectorProperties = {
+        name: 'Hifi-Avatar-Detector',
+        type: 'Box',
+        position: MyAvatar.position,
+        dimensions: {
+            x: 1,
+            y: 2,
+            z: 1
+        },
+        collisionsWillMove: false,
+        ignoreForCollisions: true,
+        visible: false,
+        color: {
+            red: 255,
+            green: 0,
+            blue: 0
+        }
+    }
+
+    avatarDetector = Entities.addEntity(detectorProperties);
+};
+
+var updateAvatarDetector = function() {
+    //  print('updating detector position' + JSON.stringify(MyAvatar.position))
+    Entities.editEntity(avatarDetector, {
+        position: MyAvatar.position
+    });
+
+};
+
+var cleanup = function() {
+    Script.update.disconnect(updateAvatarDetector);
+    Entities.deleteEntity(avatarDetector);
+}
+
+createAvatarDetector();
+Script.scriptEnding.connect(cleanup);
+Script.update.connect(updateAvatarDetector);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/drylake/ratCreator.js b/examples/drylake/ratCreator.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..237b8ec32f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/drylake/ratCreator.js
@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
+//
+//  ratCreator.js
+//
+//  Created by James B. Pollack @imgntn on 12/7/2015
+//  Copyright 2015 High Fidelity, Inc.
+//
+//  This script spawns some rats that have simple steering behaviors applied to them.
+//  Run it in the 'drylake' environment, or adjust all object locations to match your scene.
+//
+//  Steering bevhaviors from ratSteer.js:
+//  The rats will move from a spawning point toward their nest.
+//  They will avoid avoider blocks moving across the alley
+//  They will avoid avatars running createAvatarDetector.js
+//
+//  Distributed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
+//  See the accompanying file LICENSE or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html
+//
+
+Script.include('ratSteer.js');
+var steer = loadSteer();
+Script.include('../libraries/tween.js');
+var TWEEN = loadTween();
+
+var USE_CONSTANT_SPAWNER = true;
+
+var RAT_SPAWNER_LOCATION = {
+    x: 1000.5,
+    y: 98,
+    z: 1040
+};
+
+var RAT_NEST_LOCATION = {
+    x: 1003.5,
+    y: 99,
+    z: 964.2
+};
+
+var RAT_DIMENSIONS = {
+    x: 0.22,
+    y: 0.32,
+    z: 1.14
+};
+
+var RAT_MODEL_URL = 'http://hifi-content.s3.amazonaws.com/james/rat/models/rat_model.fbx';
+var RAT_IDLE_ANIMATION_URL = 'http://hifi-content.s3.amazonaws.com/james/rat/animations/idle.fbx';
+var RAT_WALKING_ANIMATION_URL = 'http://hifi-content.s3.amazonaws.com/james/rat/animations/walk.fbx';
+var RAT_RUNNING_ANIMATION_URL = 'http://hifi-content.s3.amazonaws.com/james/rat/animations/run.fbx';
+var RAT_DEATH_ANIMATION_URL = 'http://hifi-content.s3.amazonaws.com/james/rat/animations/death.fbx';
+
+var RAT_IN_NEST_DISTANCE = 4;
+
+//how many milliseconds between rats
+var RAT_SPAWN_RATE = 2500;
+
+var RAT_SOUND_URL = 'http://hifi-public.s3.amazonaws.com/sounds/Rats_Squeaks_Active.wav';
+var ratRunningSound = SoundCache.getSound(RAT_SOUND_URL);
+
+function playRatRunningAnimation(rat) {
+    var animationSettings = JSON.stringify({
+        running: true
+    });
+    Entities.editEntity(rat, {
+        animationURL: RAT_RUNNING_ANIMATION_URL,
+        animation: {
+            url: RAT_RUNNING_ANIMATION_URL,
+            running: true,
+            fps: 30
+        },
+    });
+}
+
+function playRatDeathAnimation(rat) {
+    var animationSettings = JSON.stringify({
+        running: true
+    });
+
+    Entities.editEntity(rat, {
+        animationURL: RAT_DEATH_ANIMATION_URL,
+        animationSettings: animationSettings
+    });
+}
+
+var modelRatProperties = {
+    name: 'rat',
+    type: 'Model',
+    modelURL: RAT_MODEL_URL,
+    dimensions: RAT_DIMENSIONS,
+    position: RAT_SPAWNER_LOCATION,
+    shapeType: 'Box',
+    damping: 0.8,
+    angularDamping: 0.99,
+    friction: 0.75,
+    collisionsWillMove: true,
+    ignoreForCollisions: false,
+    gravity: {
+        x: 0,
+        y: -9.8,
+        z: 0
+    },
+    lifetime: 30,
+    userData: JSON.stringify({
+        grabbableKey: {
+            grabbable: false
+        }
+    })
+
+};
+
+var targetProperties = {
+    name: 'Hifi-Rat-Nest',
+    type: 'Box',
+    color: {
+        red: 0,
+        green: 255,
+        blue: 0
+    },
+    dimensions: {
+        x: 1,
+        y: 1,
+        z: 1
+    },
+    visible: false,
+    position: RAT_NEST_LOCATION
+};
+
+var target = Entities.addEntity(targetProperties);
+
+function addRat() {
+    var rat = Entities.addEntity(modelRatProperties);
+    return rat;
+}
+
+//every sixth rat will play a sound
+var RAT_SOUND_RATE = 6;
+
+//spawn rate will be multiplied by this to clear any sounds hanging around
+var RAT_SOUND_CLEAR_RATE = 3;
+
+var rats = [];
+var metaRats = [];
+var ratCount = 0;
+
+var AVOIDER_Y_HEIGHT = 99;
+var FIRST_AVOIDER_START_POSITION = {
+    x: 1004,
+    y: AVOIDER_Y_HEIGHT,
+    z: 1019
+};
+var FIRST_AVOIDER_FINISH_POSITION = {
+    x: 997,
+    y: AVOIDER_Y_HEIGHT,
+    z: 1019
+};
+var SECOND_AVOIDER_START_POSITION = {
+    x: 998,
+    y: AVOIDER_Y_HEIGHT,
+    z: 998
+};
+var SECOND_AVOIDER_FINISH_POSITION = {
+    x: 1005,
+    y: AVOIDER_Y_HEIGHT,
+    z: 999
+};
+var THIRD_AVOIDER_START_POSITION = {
+    x: 1001.5,
+    y: 100,
+    z: 978
+};
+var THIRD_AVOIDER_FINISH_POSITION = {
+    x: 1005,
+    y: 100,
+    z: 974
+};
+
+cleanupLeftoverAvoidersBeforeStart();
+
+var avoiders = [];
+addAvoiderBlock(FIRST_AVOIDER_START_POSITION);
+addAvoiderBlock(SECOND_AVOIDER_START_POSITION);
+addAvoiderBlock(THIRD_AVOIDER_START_POSITION);
+
+function addAvoiderBlock(position) {
+    var avoiderProperties = {
+        name: 'Hifi-Rat-Avoider',
+        type: 'Box',
+        color: {
+            red: 255,
+            green: 0,
+            blue: 255
+        },
+        dimensions: {
+            x: 1,
+            y: 1,
+            z: 1
+        },
+        position: position,
+        collisionsWillMove: false,
+        ignoreForCollisions: true,
+        visible: false
+    };
+
+    var avoider = Entities.addEntity(avoiderProperties);
+    avoiders.push(avoider);
+}
+
+
+tweenAvoider(avoiders[0], FIRST_AVOIDER_START_POSITION, FIRST_AVOIDER_FINISH_POSITION);
+tweenAvoider(avoiders[1], SECOND_AVOIDER_START_POSITION, SECOND_AVOIDER_FINISH_POSITION);
+tweenAvoider(avoiders[2], THIRD_AVOIDER_START_POSITION, THIRD_AVOIDER_FINISH_POSITION);
+
+function tweenAvoider(entityID, startPosition, endPosition) {
+    var ANIMATION_DURATION = 4200;
+
+    var begin = {
+        x: startPosition.x,
+        y: startPosition.y,
+        z: startPosition.z
+    };
+
+    var end = endPosition;
+
+    var original = startPosition;
+
+    var tweenHead = new TWEEN.Tween(begin).to(end, ANIMATION_DURATION);
+
+    function updateTo() {
+        Entities.editEntity(entityID, {
+            position: {
+                x: begin.x,
+                y: begin.y,
+                z: begin.z
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    function updateBack() {
+        Entities.editEntity(entityID, {
+            position: {
+                x: begin.x,
+                y: begin.y,
+                z: begin.z
+            }
+        })
+    }
+
+    var tweenBack = new TWEEN.Tween(begin).to(original, ANIMATION_DURATION).onUpdate(updateBack);
+
+    tweenHead.onUpdate(function() {
+        updateTo()
+    });
+
+    tweenHead.chain(tweenBack);
+    tweenBack.chain(tweenHead);
+    tweenHead.start();
+
+}
+
+function updateTweens() {
+    TWEEN.update();
+}
+
+function createRatSoundInjector() {
+    var audioOptions = {
+        volume: 0.05,
+        loop: false
+    };
+
+    var injector = Audio.playSound(ratRunningSound, audioOptions);
+
+    return injector;
+}
+
+function moveRats() {
+    rats.forEach(function(rat) {
+
+        //remove the rat if its near the nest
+        checkDistanceFromNest(rat);
+
+        //see if there are avatars to run from
+        var avatarFlightVectors = steer.fleeAllAvatars(rat);
+        var averageAvatarFlight;
+        var i;
+        for (i = 0; i < avatarFlightVectors.length; i++) {
+            if (i === 0) {
+                averageAvatarFlight = avatarFlightVectors[0];
+            } else {
+                averageAvatarFlight = Vec3.sum(avatarFlightVectors[i - 1], avatarFlightVectors[i]);
+            }
+        }
+        averageAvatarFlight = Vec3.multiply(averageAvatarFlight, 1 / avatarFlightVectors.length);
+
+        //see if there are avoiders to flee
+        var avoidBlockVectors = steer.fleeAvoiderBlocks(rat);
+        var averageAvoiderFlight;
+        var j;
+        for (j = 0; j < avoidBlockVectors.length; j++) {
+            if (j === 0) {
+                averageAvoiderFlight = avoidBlockVectors[0];
+            } else {
+                averageAvoiderFlight = Vec3.sum(avoidBlockVectors[j - 1], avoidBlockVectors[j]);
+            }
+        };
+        averageAvoiderFlight = Vec3.multiply(averageAvoiderFlight, 1 / avoidBlockVectors.length);
+
+        //add all of the vectors and divide them by total to get average vector
+        //start by trying to go toward the nest
+        var seek = steer.arrive(rat, target);
+        var averageVector = seek;
+        var divisorCount = 1;
+
+        //if there are avatars to run away from
+        if (avatarFlightVectors.length > 0) {
+            divisorCount++;
+            averageVector = Vec3.sum(averageVector, averageAvatarFlight);
+        }
+
+        //or if there are avoider blocks to run away from
+        if (avoidBlockVectors.length > 0) {
+            divisorCount++;
+            averageVector = Vec3.sum(averageVector, averageAvoiderFlight);
+        }
+
+        averageVector = Vec3.multiply(averageVector, 1 / divisorCount);
+
+        var thisRatProps = Entities.getEntityProperties(rat, ["position", "rotation"]);
+        var ratPosition = thisRatProps.position;
+        var ratToNest = Vec3.subtract(RAT_NEST_LOCATION, ratPosition);
+        var ratRotation = Quat.rotationBetween(Vec3.UNIT_Z, ratToNest);
+        var eulerAngle = Quat.safeEulerAngles(ratRotation);
+        eulerAngle.x = 0;
+        eulerAngle.z = 0;
+        var constrainedRotation = Quat.fromVec3Degrees(eulerAngle);
+
+        Entities.editEntity(rat, {
+            velocity: averageVector,
+            rotation: constrainedRotation,
+        });
+
+        //have to make a 'meta' rat object to keep track of rats for updating sound injector locations.  parenting sounds would make this easy.
+        var metaRat = getMetaRatByRat(rat);
+        if (metaRat !== undefined) {
+            if (metaRat.injector !== undefined) {
+                if (metaRat.injector.isPlaying === true) {
+                    metaRat.injector.options = {
+                        loop: true,
+                        position: ratPosition
+                    };
+                }
+            }
+
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+Script.update.connect(moveRats)
+Script.update.connect(updateTweens);
+
+function checkDistanceFromNest(rat) {
+    var ratProps = Entities.getEntityProperties(rat, "position");
+    var distance = Vec3.distance(ratProps.position, RAT_NEST_LOCATION);
+    if (distance < RAT_IN_NEST_DISTANCE) {
+        //at nest
+        removeRatFromScene(rat);
+    }
+}
+
+function removeRatFromScene(rat) {
+
+    var index = rats.indexOf(rat);
+    if (index > -1) {
+        rats.splice(index, 1);
+        Entities.deleteEntity(rat);
+
+    }
+
+    var metaRatIndex = findWithAttr(metaRats, 'rat', rat);
+    if (metaRatIndex > -1) {
+        metaRats[index].injector.stop();
+        metaRats.splice(index, 1);
+    }
+
+}
+
+function popRatFromStack(entityID) {
+
+    var index = rats.indexOf(entityID);
+    if (index > -1) {
+        rats.splice(index, 1);
+    }
+
+    var metaRatIndex = findWithAttr(metaRats, 'rat', entityID);
+    if (metaRatIndex > -1) {
+        metaRats[index].injector.stop();
+        metaRats.splice(index, 1);
+    }
+
+}
+
+function findWithAttr(array, attr, value) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i += 1) {
+        if (array[i][attr] === value) {
+            return i;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+function getMetaRatByRat(rat) {
+    var result = metaRats.filter(function(metaRat) {
+        return rat === metaRat.rat;
+    });
+    return result[0];
+}
+
+Entities.deletingEntity.connect(popRatFromStack);
+
+
+function cleanupLeftoverAvoidersBeforeStart() {
+    //sometimes if we crash or something there could be extra avoider blocks around.  clear them out.
+    var nearbyEntities = Entities.findEntities(RAT_SPAWNER_LOCATION, 100);
+    var entityIndex;
+    for (entityIndex = 0; entityIndex < nearbyEntities.length; entityIndex++) {
+        var entityID = nearbyEntities[entityIndex];
+        var entityProps = Entities.getEntityProperties(entityID);
+        if (entityProps.name === 'Hifi-Rat-Avoider') {
+            Entities.deleteEntity(entityID);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+function cleanup() {
+    while (rats.length > 0) {
+        Entities.deleteEntity(rats.pop());
+    }
+
+    while (avoiders.length > 0) {
+        Entities.deleteEntity(avoiders.pop());
+    }
+
+    Entities.deleteEntity(target);
+    Script.update.disconnect(moveRats);
+    Script.update.disconnect(updateTweens);
+    Entities.deletingEntity.disconnect(popRatFromStack);
+    Script.clearInterval(ratSpawnerInterval);
+}
+
+Script.scriptEnding.connect(cleanup);
+
+var ratSpawnerInterval;
+
+if (USE_CONSTANT_SPAWNER === true) {
+    ratSpawnerInterval = Script.setInterval(function() {
+            var rat = addRat();
+            playRatRunningAnimation(rat);
+            rats.push(rat);
+            ratCount++;
+            if (ratCount % RAT_SOUND_RATE === 0) {
+                var metaRat = {
+                    rat: rat,
+                    injector: createRatSoundInjector()
+                }
+                metaRats.push(metaRat);
+
+                Script.setTimeout(function() {
+                        //if we have too many injectors hanging around there are problems
+                        metaRat.injector.stop();
+                        delete metaRat.injector;
+                    }, RAT_SPAWN_RATE * RAT_SOUND_CLEAR_RATE;
+                }
+
+            }, RAT_SPAWN_RATE);
+    }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/drylake/ratSteer.js b/examples/drylake/ratSteer.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e9a2647ff5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/drylake/ratSteer.js
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+//
+//  ratSteer.js
+//
+//  Created by James B. Pollack @imgntn on 12/7/2015
+//  Copyright 2015 High Fidelity, Inc.
+//
+//  This is an example of steering behaviors that can be applied entities.
+//
+//  Distributed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
+//  See the accompanying file LICENSE or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html
+//
+
+function flee(thisEntity, target) {
+    var targetPosition = Entities.getEntityProperties(target, "position").position;
+    var properties = Entities.getEntityProperties(thisEntity, ["position", "velocity"]);
+    var location = properties.position;
+    var velocity = properties.velocity;
+    var MAX_SPEED = 1;
+    var MAX_FORCE = 1;
+    var FLEE_RANGE = 2;
+    var desired = Vec3.subtract(location, targetPosition);
+    var d = Vec3.length(desired);
+    desired = Vec3.normalize(desired);
+    desired = Vec3.multiply(MAX_SPEED, desired);
+    if (d < FLEE_RANGE) {
+        var steer = Vec3.subtract(desired, velocity);
+
+        var steerVector = new V3(desired.x, 0, desired.z);
+        steer = steerVector.limit(MAX_FORCE);
+
+        return steer;
+    } else {
+        //target too far away to flee
+        return
+    }
+}
+
+function fleeAllAvatars(thisEntity) {
+    //print('FLEE AVATARS');
+    var properties = Entities.getEntityProperties(thisEntity, ["position", "velocity"]);
+    var location = properties.position;
+    var velocity = properties.velocity;
+
+    var nearbyEntities = Entities.findEntities(location, 3);
+    var flightVectors = [];
+    for (var entityIndex = 0; entityIndex < nearbyEntities.length; entityIndex++) {
+        var entityID = nearbyEntities[entityIndex];
+        var entityProps = Entities.getEntityProperties(entityID);
+        if (entityProps.name === 'Hifi-Avatar-Detector') {
+            //found an avatar to flee
+
+            var MAX_SPEED = 8;
+            var MAX_FORCE = 8;
+            var FLEE_AVATAR_RANGE = 3;
+            var desired = Vec3.subtract(location, entityProps.position);
+            var d = Vec3.length(desired);
+            desired = Vec3.normalize(desired);
+            desired = Vec3.multiply(MAX_SPEED, desired);
+            if (d < FLEE_AVATAR_RANGE) {
+                var steer = Vec3.subtract(desired, velocity);
+                var steerVector = new V3(desired.x, 0, desired.z);
+                steer = steerVector.limit(MAX_FORCE);
+                flightVectors.push(steer);
+            } else {
+                // target too far away from this avatar to flee
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    return flightVectors;
+}
+
+function fleeAvoiderBlocks(thisEntity) {
+    // print('FLEE AVOIDER BLOCKS');
+    var properties = Entities.getEntityProperties(thisEntity, ["position", "velocity"]);
+    var location = properties.position;
+    var velocity = properties.velocity;
+
+    var nearbyEntities = Entities.findEntities(location, 2);
+    var flightVectors = [];
+    for (var entityIndex = 0; entityIndex < nearbyEntities.length; entityIndex++) {
+        var entityID = nearbyEntities[entityIndex];
+        var entityProps = Entities.getEntityProperties(entityID);
+        if (entityProps.name === 'Hifi-Rat-Avoider') {
+            //found an avoiderblock to flee
+
+            var MAX_SPEED = 11;
+            var MAX_FORCE = 6;
+            var FLEE_AVOIDER_RANGE = 5;
+
+            var desired = Vec3.subtract(location, entityProps.position);
+            var d = Vec3.length(desired);
+            desired = Vec3.normalize(desired);
+            desired = Vec3.multiply(MAX_SPEED, desired);
+
+            if (d < FLEE_AVOIDER_RANGE) {
+                var steer = Vec3.subtract(desired, velocity);
+                var steerVector = new V3(desired.x, 0, desired.z);
+                steer = steerVector.limit(MAX_FORCE);
+                flightVectors.push(steer);
+            } else {
+                //target too far away from this avoider to flee
+            }
+
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    return flightVectors;
+}
+
+function arrive(thisEntity, target) {
+
+    var targetPosition = Entities.getEntityProperties(target, "position").position;
+    var properties = Entities.getEntityProperties(thisEntity, ["position", "velocity"]);
+    var location = properties.position;
+    var velocity = properties.velocity;
+    var MAX_SPEED = 10;
+    var MAX_FORCE = 6;
+    var ARRIVAL_DISTANCE = 2;
+
+    var desired = Vec3.subtract(targetPosition, location);
+    var d = Vec3.length(desired);
+    desired = Vec3.normalize(desired);
+
+    if (d < ARRIVAL_DISTANCE) {
+        var m = scale(d, 0, ARRIVAL_DISTANCE, 0, MAX_SPEED);
+    } else {
+        desired = Vec3.multiply(MAX_SPEED, desired);
+
+    }
+
+    var steer = Vec3.subtract(desired, velocity);
+    var steerVector = new V3(desired.x, 0, desired.z);
+    steer = steerVector.limit(MAX_FORCE);
+
+    return steer;
+}
+
+
+function V3(x, y, z) {
+    this.x = x;
+    this.y = y;
+    this.z = z;
+    return
+}
+
+V3.prototype.length = function() {
+    return Math.sqrt(this.x * this.x + this.y * this.y + this.z * this.z);
+};
+
+V3.prototype.limit = function(s) {
+    var len = this.length();
+
+    if (len > s && len > 0) {
+        this.scale(s / len);
+    }
+
+    return this;
+};
+
+V3.prototype.scale = function(f) {
+    this.x *= f;
+    this.y *= f;
+    this.z *= f;
+    return this;
+};
+
+var v3 = new V3();
+
+var scale = function(value, min1, max1, min2, max2) {
+    return min2 + (max2 - min2) * ((value - min1) / (max1 - min1));
+}
+
+loadSteer = function() {
+    return {
+        flee: flee,
+        fleeAllAvatars: fleeAllAvatars,
+        fleeAvoiderBlocks: fleeAvoiderBlocks,
+        arrive: arrive
+    };
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/interface/src/Application.cpp b/interface/src/Application.cpp
index 8157d9d18f..4ac627209c 100644
--- a/interface/src/Application.cpp
+++ b/interface/src/Application.cpp
@@ -2764,6 +2764,8 @@ void Application::reloadResourceCaches() {
     DependencyManager::get<TextureCache>()->refreshAll();
 
     DependencyManager::get<NodeList>()->reset();  // Force redownload of .fst models
+
+    getMyAvatar()->resetFullAvatarURL();
 }
 
 void Application::rotationModeChanged() {
@@ -3077,6 +3079,7 @@ void Application::queryOctree(NodeType_t serverType, PacketType packetType, Node
     _octreeQuery.setCameraNearClip(_viewFrustum.getNearClip());
     _octreeQuery.setCameraFarClip(_viewFrustum.getFarClip());
     _octreeQuery.setCameraEyeOffsetPosition(glm::vec3());
+    _octreeQuery.setKeyholeRadius(_viewFrustum.getKeyholeRadius());
     auto lodManager = DependencyManager::get<LODManager>();
     _octreeQuery.setOctreeSizeScale(lodManager->getOctreeSizeScale());
     _octreeQuery.setBoundaryLevelAdjust(lodManager->getBoundaryLevelAdjust());
@@ -3429,10 +3432,10 @@ namespace render {
 
         // Background rendering decision
         auto skyStage = DependencyManager::get<SceneScriptingInterface>()->getSkyStage();
-        auto skybox = model::SkyboxPointer();
         if (skyStage->getBackgroundMode() == model::SunSkyStage::NO_BACKGROUND) {
+            // this line intentionally left blank
         } else if (skyStage->getBackgroundMode() == model::SunSkyStage::SKY_DOME) {
-           if (/*!selfAvatarOnly &&*/ Menu::getInstance()->isOptionChecked(MenuOption::Stars)) {
+            if (Menu::getInstance()->isOptionChecked(MenuOption::Stars)) {
                 PerformanceTimer perfTimer("stars");
                 PerformanceWarning warn(Menu::getInstance()->isOptionChecked(MenuOption::PipelineWarnings),
                     "Application::payloadRender<BackgroundRenderData>() ... stars...");
@@ -3498,10 +3501,9 @@ namespace render {
             }
         } else if (skyStage->getBackgroundMode() == model::SunSkyStage::SKY_BOX) {
             PerformanceTimer perfTimer("skybox");
-
-            skybox = skyStage->getSkybox();
+            auto skybox = skyStage->getSkybox();
             if (skybox) {
-                skybox->render(batch, *(qApp->getDisplayViewFrustum()));
+                skybox->render(batch, *(args->_viewFrustum));
             }
         }
     }
@@ -3768,6 +3770,10 @@ void Application::clearDomainOctreeDetails() {
 
     // reset the model renderer
     getEntities()->clear();
+
+    auto skyStage = DependencyManager::get<SceneScriptingInterface>()->getSkyStage();
+    skyStage->setBackgroundMode(model::SunSkyStage::SKY_DOME);
+
 }
 
 void Application::domainChanged(const QString& domainHostname) {
diff --git a/interface/src/avatar/MyAvatar.cpp b/interface/src/avatar/MyAvatar.cpp
index 4537ab8bb9..b3f6b4c238 100644
--- a/interface/src/avatar/MyAvatar.cpp
+++ b/interface/src/avatar/MyAvatar.cpp
@@ -986,6 +986,14 @@ void MyAvatar::setSkeletonModelURL(const QUrl& skeletonModelURL) {
     _headBoneSet.clear();
 }
 
+
+void MyAvatar::resetFullAvatarURL() {
+    auto lastAvatarURL = getFullAvatarURLFromPreferences();
+    auto lastAvatarName = getFullAvatarModelName();
+    useFullAvatarURL(QUrl());
+    useFullAvatarURL(lastAvatarURL, lastAvatarName);
+}
+
 void MyAvatar::useFullAvatarURL(const QUrl& fullAvatarURL, const QString& modelName) {
 
     if (QThread::currentThread() != thread()) {
diff --git a/interface/src/avatar/MyAvatar.h b/interface/src/avatar/MyAvatar.h
index 309e600978..514261bf16 100644
--- a/interface/src/avatar/MyAvatar.h
+++ b/interface/src/avatar/MyAvatar.h
@@ -196,6 +196,8 @@ public:
     Q_INVOKABLE void useFullAvatarURL(const QUrl& fullAvatarURL, const QString& modelName = QString());
     Q_INVOKABLE const QUrl& getFullAvatarURLFromPreferences() const { return _fullAvatarURLFromPreferences; }
     Q_INVOKABLE const QString& getFullAvatarModelName() const { return _fullAvatarModelName; }
+    void resetFullAvatarURL();
+
 
     virtual void setAttachmentData(const QVector<AttachmentData>& attachmentData) override;
 
diff --git a/libraries/animation/src/AnimVariant.cpp b/libraries/animation/src/AnimVariant.cpp
index 118d2e8ce9..d57d1b3c34 100644
--- a/libraries/animation/src/AnimVariant.cpp
+++ b/libraries/animation/src/AnimVariant.cpp
@@ -50,9 +50,11 @@ QScriptValue AnimVariantMap::animVariantMapToScriptValue(QScriptEngine* engine,
     if (useNames) { // copy only the requested names
         for (const QString& name : names) {
             auto search = _map.find(name);
-            if (search != _map.end()) { // scripts are allowed to request names that do not exist
+            if (search != _map.end()) {
                 setOne(name, search->second);
-            }
+            } else if (_triggers.count(name) == 1) {
+                target.setProperty(name, true);
+            } // scripts are allowed to request names that do not exist
         }
 
     } else {  // copy all of them
diff --git a/libraries/animation/src/Rig.cpp b/libraries/animation/src/Rig.cpp
index a80ef5d2eb..464ff28980 100644
--- a/libraries/animation/src/Rig.cpp
+++ b/libraries/animation/src/Rig.cpp
@@ -717,7 +717,8 @@ void Rig::updateAnimationStateHandlers() { // called on avatar update thread (wh
         // This works (I tried it), but the result would be that we would still have same runtime type checks as the invokeMethod above
         // (occuring within the ScriptEngine::callAnimationStateHandler invokeMethod trampoline), _plus_ another runtime check for the dynamic_cast.
 
-        // gather results in (likely from an earlier update):
+        // Gather results in (likely from an earlier update).
+        // Note: the behavior is undefined if a handler (re-)sets a trigger. Scripts should not be doing that.
         _animVars.copyVariantsFrom(value.results); // If multiple handlers write the same anim var, the last registgered wins. (_map preserves order).
     }
 }
diff --git a/libraries/entities/src/EntityTree.cpp b/libraries/entities/src/EntityTree.cpp
index 5090ebb7e0..fb2acf3fe7 100644
--- a/libraries/entities/src/EntityTree.cpp
+++ b/libraries/entities/src/EntityTree.cpp
@@ -226,9 +226,16 @@ bool EntityTree::updateEntityWithElement(EntityItemPointer entity, const EntityI
 
         while (!toProcess.empty()) {
             EntityItemPointer childEntity = std::static_pointer_cast<EntityItem>(toProcess.dequeue());
+            if (!childEntity) {
+                continue;
+            }
             BoundingBoxRelatedProperties newChildBBRelProperties(childEntity);
+            EntityTreeElementPointer containingElement = childEntity->getElement();
+            if (!containingElement) {
+                continue;
+            }
             UpdateEntityOperator theChildOperator(getThisPointer(),
-                                                  childEntity->getElement(),
+                                                  containingElement,
                                                   childEntity, newChildBBRelProperties);
             recurseTreeWithOperator(&theChildOperator);
             foreach (SpatiallyNestablePointer childChild, childEntity->getChildren()) {
diff --git a/libraries/gl/src/gl/GLEscrow.h b/libraries/gl/src/gl/GLEscrow.h
index d860f1239c..9da3ce0b0b 100644
--- a/libraries/gl/src/gl/GLEscrow.h
+++ b/libraries/gl/src/gl/GLEscrow.h
@@ -49,35 +49,32 @@ template <
 >
 class GLEscrow {
 public:
+    static const uint64_t MAX_UNSIGNALED_TIME = USECS_PER_SECOND / 2;
 
     struct Item {
-        T _value;
+        const T _value;
         GLsync _sync;
-        uint64_t _created;
+        const uint64_t _created;
 
         Item(T value, GLsync sync) :
             _value(value), _sync(sync), _created(usecTimestampNow()) 
         {
         }
 
-        uint64_t age() {
+        uint64_t age() const {
             return usecTimestampNow() - _created;
         }
 
-        bool signaled() {
+        bool signaled() const {
             auto result = glClientWaitSync(_sync, 0, 0);
             if (GL_TIMEOUT_EXPIRED != result && GL_WAIT_FAILED != result) {
                 return true;
             }
-            if (age() > (USECS_PER_SECOND / 2)) {
-                qWarning() << "Long unsignaled sync";
-            }
             return false;
         }
     };
 
-    using Mutex = std::recursive_mutex;
-    using Lock = std::unique_lock<Mutex>;
+    using Mutex = std::mutex;
     using Recycler = std::function<void(T t)>;
     // deque gives us random access, double ended push & pop and size, all in constant time
     using Deque = std::deque<Item>;
@@ -87,9 +84,32 @@ public:
         _recycler = recycler;
     }
 
-    size_t depth() {
+    template <typename F> 
+    void withLock(F f) {
+        using Lock = std::unique_lock<Mutex>;
         Lock lock(_mutex);
-        return _submits.size();
+        f();
+    }
+
+    template <typename F>
+    bool tryLock(F f) {
+        using Lock = std::unique_lock<Mutex>;
+        bool result = false;
+        Lock lock(_mutex, std::try_to_lock_t());
+        if (lock.owns_lock()) {
+            f();
+            result = true;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+
+    size_t depth() {
+        size_t result{ 0 };
+        withLock([&]{
+            result = _submits.size();
+        });
+        return result;
     }
 
     // Submit a new resource from the producer context
@@ -104,11 +124,9 @@ public:
             glFlush();
         }
 
-        {
-            Lock lock(_mutex);
+        withLock([&]{
             _submits.push_back(Item(t, writeSync));
-        }
-
+        });
         return cleanTrash();
     }
 
@@ -120,13 +138,13 @@ public:
         // On the one hand using try_lock() reduces the chance of blocking the consumer thread,
         // but if the produce thread is going fast enough, it could effectively
         // starve the consumer out of ever actually getting resources.
-        if (_mutex.try_lock()) {
+        tryLock([&]{
+            // May be called on any thread, but must be inside a locked section
             if (signaled(_submits, 0)) {
                 result = _submits.at(0)._value;
                 _submits.pop_front();
             }
-            _mutex.unlock();
-        }
+        });
         return result;
     }
 
@@ -154,37 +172,45 @@ public:
             glFlush();
         }
 
-        Lock lock(_mutex);
-        _releases.push_back(Item(t, readSync));
+        withLock([&]{
+            _releases.push_back(Item(t, readSync));
+        });
     }
     
 private:
     size_t cleanTrash() {
         size_t wastedWork{ 0 };
         List trash;
-        {
+        tryLock([&]{
+            while (!_submits.empty()) {
+                const auto& item = _submits.front();
+                if (!item._sync || item.age() < MAX_UNSIGNALED_TIME) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                qWarning() << "Long unsignaled sync " << item._sync << " unsignaled for " << item.age();
+                _trash.push_front(item);
+                _submits.pop_front();
+            }
+
             // We only ever need one ready item available in the list, so if the
             // second item is signaled (implying the first is as well, remove the first
             // item.  Iterate until the SECOND item in the list is not in the ready state
             // The signaled function takes care of checking against the deque size
             while (signaled(_submits, 1)) {
-                pop(_submits);
+                _trash.push_front(_submits.front());
+                _submits.pop_front();
                 ++wastedWork;
             }
 
             // Stuff in the release queue can be cleared out as soon as it's signaled
             while (signaled(_releases, 0)) {
-                pop(_releases);
+                _trash.push_front(_releases.front());
+                _releases.pop_front();
             }
 
-            {
-                // FIXME I don't think this lock should be necessary, only the submitting thread 
-                // touches the trash
-                Lock lock(_mutex);
-                trash.swap(_trash);
-            }
-        }
-
+            trash.swap(_trash);
+        });
+           
         // FIXME maybe doing a timing on the deleters and warn if it's taking excessive time?
         // although we are out of the lock, so it shouldn't be blocking anything
         std::for_each(trash.begin(), trash.end(), [&](typename List::const_reference item) {
@@ -198,14 +224,6 @@ private:
         return wastedWork;
     }
 
-    // May be called on any thread, but must be inside a locked section
-    void pop(Deque& deque) {
-        Lock lock(_mutex);
-        auto& item = deque.front();
-        _trash.push_front(item);
-        deque.pop_front();
-    }
-
     // May be called on any thread, but must be inside a locked section
     bool signaled(Deque& deque, size_t i) {
         if (i >= deque.size()) {
diff --git a/libraries/gl/src/gl/OffscreenQmlSurface.cpp b/libraries/gl/src/gl/OffscreenQmlSurface.cpp
index 482eb1b36f..d30294ae7c 100644
--- a/libraries/gl/src/gl/OffscreenQmlSurface.cpp
+++ b/libraries/gl/src/gl/OffscreenQmlSurface.cpp
@@ -8,16 +8,18 @@
 #include "OffscreenQmlSurface.h"
 #include "OglplusHelpers.h"
 
-#include <QWidget>
-#include <QtQml>
-#include <QQmlEngine>
-#include <QQmlComponent>
-#include <QQuickItem>
-#include <QQuickWindow>
-#include <QQuickRenderControl>
-#include <QWaitCondition>
-#include <QMutex>
+#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>
+#include <QtQml/QtQml>
+#include <QtQml/QQmlEngine>
+#include <QtQml/QQmlComponent>
+#include <QtQuick/QQuickItem>
+#include <QtQuick/QQuickWindow>
+#include <QtQuick/QQuickRenderControl>
+#include <QtCore/QWaitCondition>
+#include <QtCore/QMutex>
+#include <QtGui/QOpenGLContext>
 
+#include <shared/NsightHelpers.h>
 #include <PerfStat.h>
 #include <DependencyManager.h>
 #include <NumericalConstants.h>
@@ -25,8 +27,6 @@
 #include "GLEscrow.h"
 #include "OffscreenGLCanvas.h"
 
-// FIXME move to threaded rendering with Qt 5.5
-//#define QML_THREADED
 
 // Time between receiving a request to render the offscreen UI actually triggering
 // the render.  Could possibly be increased depending on the framerate we expect to
@@ -56,13 +56,11 @@ private:
 Q_DECLARE_LOGGING_CATEGORY(offscreenFocus)
 Q_LOGGING_CATEGORY(offscreenFocus, "hifi.offscreen.focus")
 
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
 static const QEvent::Type INIT = QEvent::Type(QEvent::User + 1);
 static const QEvent::Type RENDER = QEvent::Type(QEvent::User + 2);
 static const QEvent::Type RESIZE = QEvent::Type(QEvent::User + 3);
 static const QEvent::Type STOP = QEvent::Type(QEvent::User + 4);
 static const QEvent::Type UPDATE = QEvent::Type(QEvent::User + 5);
-#endif
 
 class OffscreenQmlRenderer : public OffscreenGLCanvas {
     friend class OffscreenQmlSurface;
@@ -70,22 +68,30 @@ public:
 
     OffscreenQmlRenderer(OffscreenQmlSurface* surface, QOpenGLContext* shareContext) : _surface(surface) {
         OffscreenGLCanvas::create(shareContext);
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
+
+        _renderControl = new QMyQuickRenderControl();
+
+        // Create a QQuickWindow that is associated with out render control. Note that this
+        // window never gets created or shown, meaning that it will never get an underlying
+        // native (platform) window.
+        QQuickWindow::setDefaultAlphaBuffer(true);
+        // Weirdness...  QQuickWindow NEEDS to be created on the rendering thread, or it will refuse to render
+        // because it retains an internal 'context' object that retains the thread it was created on, 
+        // regardless of whether you later move it to another thread.
+        _quickWindow = new QQuickWindow(_renderControl);
+        _quickWindow->setColor(QColor(255, 255, 255, 0));
+        _quickWindow->setFlags(_quickWindow->flags() | static_cast<Qt::WindowFlags>(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground));
+
         // Qt 5.5
-        _renderControl->prepareThread(_renderThread);
+        _renderControl->prepareThread(&_thread);
         _context->moveToThread(&_thread);
         moveToThread(&_thread);
         _thread.setObjectName("QML Thread");
         _thread.start();
         post(INIT);
-#else 
-        init();
-#endif
     }
 
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
-    bool event(QEvent *e)
-    {
+    bool event(QEvent *e) {
         switch (int(e->type())) {
         case INIT:
             {
@@ -120,7 +126,6 @@ public:
         QCoreApplication::postEvent(this, new QEvent(type));
     }
 
-#endif
 
 private:
 
@@ -143,27 +148,9 @@ private:
 
 
     void init() {
-        _renderControl = new QMyQuickRenderControl();
         connect(_renderControl, &QQuickRenderControl::renderRequested, _surface, &OffscreenQmlSurface::requestRender);
         connect(_renderControl, &QQuickRenderControl::sceneChanged, _surface, &OffscreenQmlSurface::requestUpdate);
 
-        // Create a QQuickWindow that is associated with out render control. Note that this
-        // window never gets created or shown, meaning that it will never get an underlying
-        // native (platform) window.
-        QQuickWindow::setDefaultAlphaBuffer(true);
-        // Weirdness...  QQuickWindow NEEDS to be created on the rendering thread, or it will refuse to render
-        // because it retains an internal 'context' object that retains the thread it was created on, 
-        // regardless of whether you later move it to another thread.
-        _quickWindow = new QQuickWindow(_renderControl);
-        _quickWindow->setColor(QColor(255, 255, 255, 0));
-        _quickWindow->setFlags(_quickWindow->flags() | static_cast<Qt::WindowFlags>(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground));
-
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
-        // However, because we want to use synchronous events with the quickwindow, we need to move it back to the main 
-        // thread after it's created.
-        _quickWindow->moveToThread(qApp->thread());
-#endif
-
         if (!makeCurrent()) {
             qWarning("Failed to make context current on render thread");
             return;
@@ -189,17 +176,15 @@ private:
 
         doneCurrent();
 
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
         _context->moveToThread(QCoreApplication::instance()->thread());
         _cond.wakeOne();
-#endif
     }
 
-    void resize(const QSize& newSize) {
+    void resize() {
         // Update our members
         if (_quickWindow) {
-            _quickWindow->setGeometry(QRect(QPoint(), newSize));
-            _quickWindow->contentItem()->setSize(newSize);
+            _quickWindow->setGeometry(QRect(QPoint(), _newSize));
+            _quickWindow->contentItem()->setSize(_newSize);
         }
 
         // Qt bug in 5.4 forces this check of pixel ratio,
@@ -209,7 +194,7 @@ private:
             pixelRatio = _renderControl->_renderWindow->devicePixelRatio();
         } 
 
-        uvec2 newOffscreenSize = toGlm(newSize * pixelRatio);
+        uvec2 newOffscreenSize = toGlm(_newSize * pixelRatio);
         _textures.setSize(newOffscreenSize);
         if (newOffscreenSize == _size) {
             return;
@@ -222,7 +207,7 @@ private:
             return;
         }
 
-        qDebug() << "Offscreen UI resizing to " << newSize.width() << "x" << newSize.height() << " with pixel ratio " << pixelRatio;
+        qDebug() << "Offscreen UI resizing to " << _newSize.width() << "x" << _newSize.height() << " with pixel ratio " << pixelRatio;
         setupFbo();
         doneCurrent();
     }
@@ -237,54 +222,44 @@ private:
             return;
         }
 
-        //Q_ASSERT(toGlm(_quickWindow->geometry().size()) == _size);
-        //Q_ASSERT(toGlm(_quickWindow->geometry().size()) == _textures._size);
-
         _renderControl->sync();
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
         _cond.wakeOne();
         lock->unlock();
-#endif
-
 
         using namespace oglplus;
 
         _quickWindow->setRenderTarget(GetName(*_fbo), QSize(_size.x, _size.y));
 
-        TexturePtr texture = _textures.getNextTexture();
-        _fbo->Bind(Framebuffer::Target::Draw);
-        _fbo->AttachTexture(Framebuffer::Target::Draw, FramebufferAttachment::Color, *texture, 0);
-        _fbo->Complete(Framebuffer::Target::Draw);
-        //Context::Clear().ColorBuffer();
         {
-            _renderControl->render();
-            // FIXME The web browsers seem to be leaving GL in an error state.
-            // Need a debug context with sync logging to figure out why.
-            // for now just clear the errors
-            glGetError();
+            PROFILE_RANGE("qml_render")
+            TexturePtr texture = _textures.getNextTexture();
+            _fbo->Bind(Framebuffer::Target::Draw);
+            _fbo->AttachTexture(Framebuffer::Target::Draw, FramebufferAttachment::Color, *texture, 0);
+            _fbo->Complete(Framebuffer::Target::Draw);
+            {
+                _renderControl->render();
+                // FIXME The web browsers seem to be leaving GL in an error state.
+                // Need a debug context with sync logging to figure out why.
+                // for now just clear the errors
+                glGetError();
+            }
+            // FIXME probably unecessary
+            DefaultFramebuffer().Bind(Framebuffer::Target::Draw);
+            _quickWindow->resetOpenGLState();
+            _escrow.submit(GetName(*texture));
         }
-        // FIXME probably unecessary
-        DefaultFramebuffer().Bind(Framebuffer::Target::Draw);
-        _quickWindow->resetOpenGLState();
-        _escrow.submit(GetName(*texture));
         _lastRenderTime = usecTimestampNow();
     }
 
     void aboutToQuit() {
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
         QMutexLocker lock(&_quitMutex);
         _quit = true;
-#endif
     }
 
     void stop() {
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
-        QMutexLocker lock(&_quitMutex);
+        QMutexLocker lock(&_mutex);
         post(STOP);
         _cond.wait(&_mutex);
-#else 
-        cleanup();
-#endif
     }
 
     bool allowNewFrame(uint8_t fps) {
@@ -297,13 +272,12 @@ private:
     QQuickWindow* _quickWindow{ nullptr };
     QMyQuickRenderControl* _renderControl{ nullptr };
 
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
     QThread _thread;
     QMutex _mutex;
     QWaitCondition _cond;
     QMutex _quitMutex;
-#endif
 
+    QSize _newSize;
     bool _quit;
     FramebufferPtr _fbo;
     RenderbufferPtr _depthStencil;
@@ -346,9 +320,7 @@ void OffscreenQmlSurface::create(QOpenGLContext* shareContext) {
 }
 
 void OffscreenQmlSurface::resize(const QSize& newSize) {
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
-    QMutexLocker _locker(&(_renderer->_mutex));
-#endif
+
     if (!_renderer || !_renderer->_quickWindow) {
         QSize currentSize = _renderer->_quickWindow->geometry().size();
         if (newSize == currentSize) {
@@ -362,11 +334,12 @@ void OffscreenQmlSurface::resize(const QSize& newSize) {
         _rootItem->setSize(newSize);
     }
 
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
+    {
+        QMutexLocker _locker(&(_renderer->_mutex));
+        _renderer->_newSize = newSize;
+    }
+
     _renderer->post(RESIZE);
-#else
-    _renderer->resize(newSize);
-#endif
 }
 
 QQuickItem* OffscreenQmlSurface::getRootItem() {
@@ -466,11 +439,7 @@ void OffscreenQmlSurface::updateQuick() {
     }
 
     if (_render) {
-#ifdef QML_THREADED
         _renderer->post(RENDER);
-#else
-        _renderer->render(nullptr);
-#endif
         _render = false;
     }
 
diff --git a/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Batch.cpp b/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Batch.cpp
index 80b3a4f158..14871aafd1 100644
--- a/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Batch.cpp
+++ b/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Batch.cpp
@@ -16,13 +16,6 @@
 #if defined(NSIGHT_FOUND)
 #include "nvToolsExt.h"
 
-ProfileRange::ProfileRange(const char *name) {
-    nvtxRangePush(name);
-}
-ProfileRange::~ProfileRange() {
-    nvtxRangePop();
-}
-
 ProfileRangeBatch::ProfileRangeBatch(gpu::Batch& batch, const char *name) : _batch(batch) {
     _batch.pushProfileRange(name);
 }
diff --git a/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Batch.h b/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Batch.h
index da1f13151e..2afcc7caa9 100644
--- a/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Batch.h
+++ b/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Batch.h
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #include <mutex>
 #include <functional>
 
+#include <shared/NsightHelpers.h>
+
 #include "Framebuffer.h"
 #include "Pipeline.h"
 #include "Query.h"
@@ -22,18 +24,6 @@
 #include "Texture.h"
 #include "Transform.h"
 
-
-#if defined(NSIGHT_FOUND)
-    class ProfileRange {
-    public:
-        ProfileRange(const char *name);
-        ~ProfileRange();
-    };
-#define PROFILE_RANGE(name) ProfileRange profileRangeThis(name);
-#else
-#define PROFILE_RANGE(name)
-#endif
-
 class QDebug;
 
 namespace gpu {
diff --git a/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Stream.h b/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Stream.h
index d47a877669..8c0833dd42 100644
--- a/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Stream.h
+++ b/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Stream.h
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ public:
         bool setAttribute(Slot slot, Frequency frequency = PER_VERTEX);
         bool setAttribute(Slot slot, Slot channel, Frequency frequency = PER_VERTEX);
 
+        bool hasAttribute(Slot slot) const { return (_attributes.find(slot) != _attributes.end()); }
 
     protected:
         AttributeMap _attributes;
diff --git a/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Transform.slh b/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Transform.slh
index 9a866ca4d0..26ea9784be 100644
--- a/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Transform.slh
+++ b/libraries/gpu/src/gpu/Transform.slh
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ TransformCamera getTransformCamera() {
 
 <@func transformClipToEyeDir(cameraTransform, clipPos, eyeDir)@>
     { // transformClipToEyeDir
-        <$eyeDir$> = vec3(<$cameraTransform$>._projectionInverse * vec4(<$clipPos$>.xyz, 0.0));
+        <$eyeDir$> = vec3(<$cameraTransform$>._projectionInverse * vec4(<$clipPos$>.xyz, 1.0)); // Must be 1.0 here
     }
 <@endfunc@>
 
diff --git a/libraries/model/src/model/Geometry.cpp b/libraries/model/src/model/Geometry.cpp
index 63adeec0f1..df86ba2a8f 100755
--- a/libraries/model/src/model/Geometry.cpp
+++ b/libraries/model/src/model/Geometry.cpp
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ void Mesh::setPartBuffer(const BufferView& buffer) {
     _partBuffer = buffer;
 }
 
-const Box Mesh::evalPartBound(int partNum) const {
+Box Mesh::evalPartBound(int partNum) const {
     Box box;
     if (partNum < _partBuffer.getNum<Part>()) {
         const Part& part = _partBuffer.get<Part>(partNum);
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ const Box Mesh::evalPartBound(int partNum) const {
     return box;
 }
 
-const Box Mesh::evalPartBounds(int partStart, int partEnd, Boxes& bounds) const {
+Box Mesh::evalPartBounds(int partStart, int partEnd, Boxes& bounds) const {
     Box totalBound;
     auto part = _partBuffer.cbegin<Part>() + partStart;
     auto partItEnd = _partBuffer.cbegin<Part>() + partEnd;
diff --git a/libraries/model/src/model/Geometry.h b/libraries/model/src/model/Geometry.h
index 8b5f448a64..a35d55d938 100755
--- a/libraries/model/src/model/Geometry.h
+++ b/libraries/model/src/model/Geometry.h
@@ -107,10 +107,10 @@ public:
     uint getNumParts() const { return _partBuffer.getNumElements(); }
 
     // evaluate the bounding box of A part
-    const Box evalPartBound(int partNum) const;
+    Box evalPartBound(int partNum) const;
     // evaluate the bounding boxes of the parts in the range [start, end[ and fill the bounds parameter
     // the returned box is the bounding box of ALL the evaluated part bounds.
-    const Box evalPartBounds(int partStart, int partEnd, Boxes& bounds) const;
+    Box evalPartBounds(int partStart, int partEnd, Boxes& bounds) const;
 
     static gpu::Primitive topologyToPrimitive(Topology topo) { return static_cast<gpu::Primitive>(topo); }
 
diff --git a/libraries/model/src/model/Skybox.cpp b/libraries/model/src/model/Skybox.cpp
index 3e445933fa..8c37359638 100755
--- a/libraries/model/src/model/Skybox.cpp
+++ b/libraries/model/src/model/Skybox.cpp
@@ -71,22 +71,12 @@ void Skybox::render(gpu::Batch& batch, const ViewFrustum& frustum) const {
 
 void Skybox::render(gpu::Batch& batch, const ViewFrustum& viewFrustum, const Skybox& skybox) {
     // Create the static shared elements used to render the skybox
-    static gpu::BufferPointer theBuffer;
-    static gpu::Stream::FormatPointer theFormat;
     static gpu::BufferPointer theConstants;
     static gpu::PipelinePointer thePipeline;
     const int SKYBOX_SKYMAP_SLOT = 0;
     const int SKYBOX_CONSTANTS_SLOT = 0;
     static std::once_flag once;
     std::call_once(once, [&] {
-        {
-            const float CLIP = 1.0f;
-            const glm::vec2 vertices[4] = { { -CLIP, -CLIP }, { CLIP, -CLIP }, { -CLIP, CLIP }, { CLIP, CLIP } };
-            theBuffer = std::make_shared<gpu::Buffer>(sizeof(vertices), (const gpu::Byte*) vertices);
-            theFormat = std::make_shared<gpu::Stream::Format>();
-            theFormat->setAttribute(gpu::Stream::POSITION, gpu::Stream::POSITION, gpu::Element(gpu::VEC2, gpu::FLOAT, gpu::XYZ));
-        }
-
         {
             auto skyVS = gpu::Shader::createVertex(std::string(Skybox_vert));
             auto skyFS = gpu::Shader::createPixel(std::string(Skybox_frag));
@@ -115,8 +105,6 @@ void Skybox::render(gpu::Batch& batch, const ViewFrustum& viewFrustum, const Sky
     batch.setProjectionTransform(projMat);
     batch.setViewTransform(viewTransform);
     batch.setModelTransform(Transform()); // only for Mac
-    batch.setInputBuffer(gpu::Stream::POSITION, theBuffer, 0, 8);
-    batch.setInputFormat(theFormat);
 
     gpu::TexturePointer skymap;
     if (skybox.getCubemap() && skybox.getCubemap()->isDefined()) {
diff --git a/libraries/model/src/model/Skybox.slv b/libraries/model/src/model/Skybox.slv
index d1b9a20a66..810afb1033 100755
--- a/libraries/model/src/model/Skybox.slv
+++ b/libraries/model/src/model/Skybox.slv
@@ -11,21 +11,26 @@
 //  See the accompanying file LICENSE or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html
 //
 
-
-<@include gpu/Inputs.slh@>
-
 <@include gpu/Transform.slh@>
 
 <$declareStandardTransform()$>
 
 out vec3 _normal;
 
-void main(void) {    
+void main(void) {
+    const float depth = 0.0;
+    const vec4 UNIT_QUAD[4] = vec4[4](
+        vec4(-1.0, -1.0, depth, 1.0),
+        vec4(1.0, -1.0, depth, 1.0),
+        vec4(-1.0, 1.0, depth, 1.0),
+        vec4(1.0, 1.0, depth, 1.0)
+    );
+    vec4 inPosition = UNIT_QUAD[gl_VertexID];
+
     // standard transform
     TransformCamera cam = getTransformCamera();
     vec3 clipDir = vec3(inPosition.xy, 0.0);
     vec3 eyeDir;
-    
     <$transformClipToEyeDir(cam, clipDir, eyeDir)$>
     <$transformEyeToWorldDir(cam, eyeDir, _normal)$>
     
diff --git a/libraries/networking/src/udt/PacketHeaders.cpp b/libraries/networking/src/udt/PacketHeaders.cpp
index 81aae796c1..4daf7f83b6 100644
--- a/libraries/networking/src/udt/PacketHeaders.cpp
+++ b/libraries/networking/src/udt/PacketHeaders.cpp
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ PacketVersion versionForPacketType(PacketType packetType) {
         case PacketType::EntityAdd:
         case PacketType::EntityEdit:
         case PacketType::EntityData:
-            return VERSION_ENTITITES_REMOVED_START_AUTOMATICALLY_FROM_ANIMATION_PROPERTY_GROUP;
+            return VERSION_ENTITIES_REMOVED_START_AUTOMATICALLY_FROM_ANIMATION_PROPERTY_GROUP;
         case PacketType::AvatarData:
         case PacketType::BulkAvatarData:
             return 17;
diff --git a/libraries/networking/src/udt/PacketHeaders.h b/libraries/networking/src/udt/PacketHeaders.h
index ba48c4ccf1..5daa185af4 100644
--- a/libraries/networking/src/udt/PacketHeaders.h
+++ b/libraries/networking/src/udt/PacketHeaders.h
@@ -161,6 +161,6 @@ const PacketVersion VERSION_ENTITIES_KEYLIGHT_PROPERTIES_GROUP_BIS = 48;
 const PacketVersion VERSION_ENTITIES_PARTICLES_ADDITIVE_BLENDING = 49;
 const PacketVersion VERSION_ENTITIES_POLYLINE_TEXTURE = 50;
 const PacketVersion VERSION_ENTITIES_HAVE_PARENTS = 51;
-const PacketVersion VERSION_ENTITITES_REMOVED_START_AUTOMATICALLY_FROM_ANIMATION_PROPERTY_GROUP = 52;
+const PacketVersion VERSION_ENTITIES_REMOVED_START_AUTOMATICALLY_FROM_ANIMATION_PROPERTY_GROUP = 52;
 
 #endif // hifi_PacketHeaders_h
diff --git a/libraries/octree/src/OctreeHeadlessViewer.cpp b/libraries/octree/src/OctreeHeadlessViewer.cpp
index 32da638f96..3f761a0748 100644
--- a/libraries/octree/src/OctreeHeadlessViewer.cpp
+++ b/libraries/octree/src/OctreeHeadlessViewer.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ void OctreeHeadlessViewer::queryOctree() {
     _octreeQuery.setCameraNearClip(_viewFrustum.getNearClip());
     _octreeQuery.setCameraFarClip(_viewFrustum.getFarClip());
     _octreeQuery.setCameraEyeOffsetPosition(glm::vec3());
+    _octreeQuery.setKeyholeRadius(_viewFrustum.getKeyholeRadius());
 
     _octreeQuery.setOctreeSizeScale(getVoxelSizeScale());
     _octreeQuery.setBoundaryLevelAdjust(getBoundaryLevelAdjust());
diff --git a/libraries/octree/src/OctreeQuery.cpp b/libraries/octree/src/OctreeQuery.cpp
index 07bca14844..5a30e178f8 100644
--- a/libraries/octree/src/OctreeQuery.cpp
+++ b/libraries/octree/src/OctreeQuery.cpp
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ int OctreeQuery::getBroadcastData(unsigned char* destinationBuffer) {
     // desired boundaryLevelAdjust
     memcpy(destinationBuffer, &_boundaryLevelAdjust, sizeof(_boundaryLevelAdjust));
     destinationBuffer += sizeof(_boundaryLevelAdjust);
+
+    memcpy(destinationBuffer, &_keyholeRadius, sizeof(_keyholeRadius));
+    destinationBuffer += sizeof(_keyholeRadius);
     
     return destinationBuffer - bufferStart;
 }
@@ -104,6 +107,12 @@ int OctreeQuery::parseData(ReceivedMessage& message) {
     memcpy(&_boundaryLevelAdjust, sourceBuffer, sizeof(_boundaryLevelAdjust));
     sourceBuffer += sizeof(_boundaryLevelAdjust);
 
+    auto bytesRead = sourceBuffer - startPosition;
+    auto bytesLeft = message.getSize() - bytesRead;
+    if (bytesLeft >= sizeof(_keyholeRadius)) {
+        memcpy(&_keyholeRadius, sourceBuffer, sizeof(_keyholeRadius));
+        sourceBuffer += sizeof(_keyholeRadius);
+    }
     return sourceBuffer - startPosition;
 }
 
diff --git a/libraries/octree/src/OctreeQuery.h b/libraries/octree/src/OctreeQuery.h
index fec1ac0c2a..7e157c4252 100644
--- a/libraries/octree/src/OctreeQuery.h
+++ b/libraries/octree/src/OctreeQuery.h
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ public:
     float getCameraNearClip() const { return _cameraNearClip; }
     float getCameraFarClip() const { return _cameraFarClip; }
     const glm::vec3& getCameraEyeOffsetPosition() const { return _cameraEyeOffsetPosition; }
+    float getKeyholeRadius() const { return _keyholeRadius; }
 
     glm::vec3 calculateCameraDirection() const;
 
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@ public:
     void setCameraNearClip(float nearClip) { _cameraNearClip = nearClip; }
     void setCameraFarClip(float farClip) { _cameraFarClip = farClip; }
     void setCameraEyeOffsetPosition(const glm::vec3& eyeOffsetPosition) { _cameraEyeOffsetPosition = eyeOffsetPosition; }
+    void setKeyholeRadius(float keyholeRadius) { _keyholeRadius = keyholeRadius; }
 
     // related to Octree Sending strategies
     int getMaxQueryPacketsPerSecond() const { return _maxQueryPPS; }
@@ -88,6 +90,7 @@ protected:
     float _cameraAspectRatio = 1.0f;
     float _cameraNearClip = 0.0f;
     float _cameraFarClip = 0.0f;
+    float _keyholeRadius { 0.0f };
     glm::vec3 _cameraEyeOffsetPosition = glm::vec3(0.0f);
 
     // octree server sending items
diff --git a/libraries/procedural/src/procedural/ProceduralSkybox.cpp b/libraries/procedural/src/procedural/ProceduralSkybox.cpp
index bd61de7338..68645045b4 100644
--- a/libraries/procedural/src/procedural/ProceduralSkybox.cpp
+++ b/libraries/procedural/src/procedural/ProceduralSkybox.cpp
@@ -51,14 +51,6 @@ void ProceduralSkybox::render(gpu::Batch& batch, const ViewFrustum& viewFrustum,
     static gpu::Stream::FormatPointer theFormat;
 
     if (skybox._procedural && skybox._procedural->_enabled && skybox._procedural->ready()) {
-        if (!theBuffer) {
-            const float CLIP = 1.0f;
-            const glm::vec2 vertices[4] = { { -CLIP, -CLIP }, { CLIP, -CLIP }, { -CLIP, CLIP }, { CLIP, CLIP } };
-            theBuffer = std::make_shared<gpu::Buffer>(sizeof(vertices), (const gpu::Byte*) vertices);
-            theFormat = std::make_shared<gpu::Stream::Format>();
-            theFormat->setAttribute(gpu::Stream::POSITION, gpu::Stream::POSITION, gpu::Element(gpu::VEC2, gpu::FLOAT, gpu::XYZ));
-        }
-
         glm::mat4 projMat;
         viewFrustum.evalProjectionMatrix(projMat);
 
@@ -67,8 +59,6 @@ void ProceduralSkybox::render(gpu::Batch& batch, const ViewFrustum& viewFrustum,
         batch.setProjectionTransform(projMat);
         batch.setViewTransform(viewTransform);
         batch.setModelTransform(Transform()); // only for Mac
-        batch.setInputBuffer(gpu::Stream::POSITION, theBuffer, 0, 8);
-        batch.setInputFormat(theFormat);
 
         if (skybox.getCubemap() && skybox.getCubemap()->isDefined()) {
             batch.setResourceTexture(0, skybox.getCubemap());
diff --git a/libraries/render-utils/src/MeshPartPayload.cpp b/libraries/render-utils/src/MeshPartPayload.cpp
index bb37bb4932..2d8d7b598b 100644
--- a/libraries/render-utils/src/MeshPartPayload.cpp
+++ b/libraries/render-utils/src/MeshPartPayload.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ namespace render {
         // Return opaque for lack of a better idea
         return ItemKey::Builder::opaqueShape();
     }
-    
+
     template <> const Item::Bound payloadGetBound(const MeshPartPayload::Pointer& payload) {
         if (payload) {
             return payload->getBound();
@@ -39,55 +39,40 @@ namespace render {
 
 using namespace render;
 
-MeshPartPayload::MeshPartPayload(Model* model, int meshIndex, int partIndex, int shapeIndex,
-                                 glm::vec3 position, glm::quat orientation) :
-    model(model),
-    meshIndex(meshIndex),
-    partIndex(partIndex),
-    _shapeID(shapeIndex),
-    _modelPosition(position),
-    _modelOrientation(orientation) {
-    initCache();
+MeshPartPayload::MeshPartPayload(model::MeshPointer mesh, int partIndex, model::MaterialPointer material, const Transform& transform, const Transform& offsetTransform) {
+
+    updateMeshPart(mesh, partIndex);
+    updateMaterial(material);
+    updateTransform(transform, offsetTransform);
 }
 
-void MeshPartPayload::initCache() {
-    const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<NetworkMesh>>& networkMeshes = model->_geometry->getMeshes();
-    const NetworkMesh& networkMesh = *(networkMeshes.at(meshIndex).get());
-    _drawMesh = networkMesh._mesh;
-
-    const FBXGeometry& geometry = model->_geometry->getFBXGeometry();
-    const FBXMesh& mesh = geometry.meshes.at(meshIndex);
-    _hasColorAttrib = !mesh.colors.isEmpty();
-    _isBlendShaped = !mesh.blendshapes.isEmpty();
-    _isSkinned = !mesh.clusterIndices.isEmpty();
-
-
-    _drawPart = _drawMesh->getPartBuffer().get<model::Mesh::Part>(partIndex);
-
-    auto networkMaterial = model->_geometry->getShapeMaterial(_shapeID);
-    if (networkMaterial) {
-        _drawMaterial = networkMaterial->_material;
-    };
+void MeshPartPayload::updateMeshPart(model::MeshPointer drawMesh, int partIndex) {
+    _drawMesh = drawMesh;
+    if (_drawMesh) {
+        auto vertexFormat = _drawMesh->getVertexFormat();
+        _hasColorAttrib = vertexFormat->hasAttribute(gpu::Stream::COLOR);
+        _drawPart = _drawMesh->getPartBuffer().get<model::Mesh::Part>(partIndex);
 
+        _localBound = _drawMesh->evalPartBound(partIndex);
+    }
 }
 
-void MeshPartPayload::updateModelLocation(glm::vec3 position, glm::quat orientation) {
-    _modelPosition = position;
-    _modelOrientation = orientation;
+void MeshPartPayload::updateTransform(const Transform& transform, const Transform& offsetTransform) {
+    _transform = transform;
+    _offsetTransform = offsetTransform;
+    Transform::mult(_drawTransform, _transform, _offsetTransform);
+    _worldBound = _localBound;
+    _worldBound.transform(_drawTransform);
+}
+
+void MeshPartPayload::updateMaterial(model::MaterialPointer drawMaterial) {
+    _drawMaterial = drawMaterial;
 }
 
 render::ItemKey MeshPartPayload::getKey() const {
     ItemKey::Builder builder;
     builder.withTypeShape();
 
-    if (!model->isVisible()) {
-        builder.withInvisible();
-    }
-
-    if (_isBlendShaped || _isSkinned) {
-        builder.withDeformed();
-    }
-
     if (_drawMaterial) {
         auto matKey = _drawMaterial->getKey();
         if (matKey.isTransparent() || matKey.isTransparentMap()) {
@@ -99,9 +84,7 @@ render::ItemKey MeshPartPayload::getKey() const {
 }
 
 render::Item::Bound MeshPartPayload::getBound() const {
-    // NOTE: we can't cache this bounds because we need to handle the case of a moving
-    // entity or mesh part.
-    return model->getPartBounds(meshIndex, partIndex, _modelPosition, _modelOrientation);
+    return _worldBound;
 }
 
 void MeshPartPayload::drawCall(gpu::Batch& batch) const {
@@ -109,22 +92,12 @@ void MeshPartPayload::drawCall(gpu::Batch& batch) const {
 }
 
 void MeshPartPayload::bindMesh(gpu::Batch& batch) const {
-    if (!_isBlendShaped) {
-        batch.setIndexBuffer(gpu::UINT32, (_drawMesh->getIndexBuffer()._buffer), 0);
-        
-        batch.setInputFormat((_drawMesh->getVertexFormat()));
-        
-        batch.setInputStream(0, _drawMesh->getVertexStream());
-    } else {
-        batch.setIndexBuffer(gpu::UINT32, (_drawMesh->getIndexBuffer()._buffer), 0);
+    batch.setIndexBuffer(gpu::UINT32, (_drawMesh->getIndexBuffer()._buffer), 0);
 
-        batch.setInputFormat((_drawMesh->getVertexFormat()));
+    batch.setInputFormat((_drawMesh->getVertexFormat()));
+
+    batch.setInputStream(0, _drawMesh->getVertexStream());
 
-        batch.setInputBuffer(0, model->_blendedVertexBuffers[meshIndex], 0, sizeof(glm::vec3));
-        batch.setInputBuffer(1, model->_blendedVertexBuffers[meshIndex], _drawMesh->getNumVertices() * sizeof(glm::vec3), sizeof(glm::vec3));
-        batch.setInputStream(2, _drawMesh->getVertexStream().makeRangedStream(2));
-    }
-    
     // TODO: Get rid of that extra call
     if (!_hasColorAttrib) {
         batch._glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
@@ -215,31 +188,208 @@ void MeshPartPayload::bindMaterial(gpu::Batch& batch, const ModelRender::Locatio
 }
 
 void MeshPartPayload::bindTransform(gpu::Batch& batch, const ModelRender::Locations* locations) const {
-    // Still relying on the raw data from the model
-    const Model::MeshState& state = model->_meshStates.at(meshIndex);
-
-    Transform transform;
-    if (state.clusterBuffer) {
-        if (model->_cauterizeBones) {
-            batch.setUniformBuffer(ModelRender::SKINNING_GPU_SLOT, state.cauterizedClusterBuffer);
-        } else {
-            batch.setUniformBuffer(ModelRender::SKINNING_GPU_SLOT, state.clusterBuffer);
-        }
-    } else {
-        if (model->_cauterizeBones) {
-            transform = Transform(state.cauterizedClusterMatrices[0]);
-        } else {
-            transform = Transform(state.clusterMatrices[0]);
-        }
-    }
-    transform.preTranslate(_modelPosition);
-    batch.setModelTransform(transform);
+    batch.setModelTransform(_drawTransform);
 }
 
 
 void MeshPartPayload::render(RenderArgs* args) const {
     PerformanceTimer perfTimer("MeshPartPayload::render");
-    if (!model->_readyWhenAdded || !model->_isVisible) {
+
+
+    gpu::Batch& batch = *(args->_batch);
+    auto mode = args->_renderMode;
+
+    auto alphaThreshold = args->_alphaThreshold; //translucent ? TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_THRESHOLD : OPAQUE_ALPHA_THRESHOLD; // FIX ME
+
+    model::MaterialKey drawMaterialKey;
+    if (_drawMaterial) {
+        drawMaterialKey = _drawMaterial->getKey();
+    }
+    bool translucentMesh = drawMaterialKey.isTransparent() || drawMaterialKey.isTransparentMap();
+
+    bool hasTangents = drawMaterialKey.isNormalMap();
+    bool hasSpecular = drawMaterialKey.isGlossMap();
+    bool hasLightmap = drawMaterialKey.isLightmapMap();
+    bool isSkinned = false;
+    bool wireframe = false;
+    if (wireframe) {
+        translucentMesh = hasTangents = hasSpecular = hasLightmap = isSkinned = false;
+    }
+
+    ModelRender::Locations* locations = nullptr;
+    ModelRender::pickPrograms(batch, mode, translucentMesh, alphaThreshold, hasLightmap, hasTangents, hasSpecular, isSkinned, wireframe,
+        args, locations);
+
+
+    // Bind the model transform and the skinCLusterMatrices if needed
+    bindTransform(batch, locations);
+
+    //Bind the index buffer and vertex buffer and Blend shapes if needed
+    bindMesh(batch);
+
+    // apply material properties
+    bindMaterial(batch, locations);
+
+
+    // TODO: We should be able to do that just in the renderTransparentJob
+    if (translucentMesh && locations->lightBufferUnit >= 0) {
+        PerformanceTimer perfTimer("DLE->setupTransparent()");
+
+        DependencyManager::get<DeferredLightingEffect>()->setupTransparent(args, locations->lightBufferUnit);
+    }
+    if (args) {
+        args->_details._materialSwitches++;
+    }
+
+    // Draw!
+    {
+        PerformanceTimer perfTimer("batch.drawIndexed()");
+        drawCall(batch);
+    }
+
+    if (args) {
+        const int INDICES_PER_TRIANGLE = 3;
+        args->_details._trianglesRendered += _drawPart._numIndices / INDICES_PER_TRIANGLE;
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+namespace render {
+    template <> const ItemKey payloadGetKey(const ModelMeshPartPayload::Pointer& payload) {
+        if (payload) {
+            return payload->getKey();
+        }
+        // Return opaque for lack of a better idea
+        return ItemKey::Builder::opaqueShape();
+    }
+    
+    template <> const Item::Bound payloadGetBound(const ModelMeshPartPayload::Pointer& payload) {
+        if (payload) {
+            return payload->getBound();
+        }
+        return render::Item::Bound();
+    }
+    template <> void payloadRender(const ModelMeshPartPayload::Pointer& payload, RenderArgs* args) {
+        return payload->render(args);
+    }
+}
+
+using namespace render;
+
+ModelMeshPartPayload::ModelMeshPartPayload(Model* model, int _meshIndex, int partIndex, int shapeIndex, const Transform& transform, const Transform& offsetTransform) :
+    _model(model),
+    _meshIndex(_meshIndex),
+    _shapeID(shapeIndex) {
+    auto& modelMesh = _model->_geometry->getMeshes().at(_meshIndex)->_mesh;
+    updateMeshPart(modelMesh, partIndex);
+
+    updateTransform(transform, offsetTransform);
+    initCache();
+}
+
+void ModelMeshPartPayload::initCache() {
+    if (_drawMesh) {
+        auto vertexFormat = _drawMesh->getVertexFormat();
+        _hasColorAttrib = vertexFormat->hasAttribute(gpu::Stream::COLOR);
+        _isSkinned = vertexFormat->hasAttribute(gpu::Stream::SKIN_CLUSTER_WEIGHT) && vertexFormat->hasAttribute(gpu::Stream::SKIN_CLUSTER_INDEX);
+
+
+        const FBXGeometry& geometry = _model->_geometry->getFBXGeometry();
+        const FBXMesh& mesh = geometry.meshes.at(_meshIndex);
+        _isBlendShaped = !mesh.blendshapes.isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    auto networkMaterial = _model->_geometry->getShapeMaterial(_shapeID);
+    if (networkMaterial) {
+        _drawMaterial = networkMaterial->_material;
+    };
+
+}
+
+
+void ModelMeshPartPayload::notifyLocationChanged() {
+    _model->_needsUpdateClusterMatrices = true;
+}
+
+render::ItemKey ModelMeshPartPayload::getKey() const {
+    ItemKey::Builder builder;
+    builder.withTypeShape();
+
+    if (!_model->isVisible()) {
+        builder.withInvisible();
+    }
+
+    if (_isBlendShaped || _isSkinned) {
+        builder.withDeformed();
+    }
+
+    if (_drawMaterial) {
+        auto matKey = _drawMaterial->getKey();
+        if (matKey.isTransparent() || matKey.isTransparentMap()) {
+            builder.withTransparent();
+        }
+    }
+
+    return builder.build();
+}
+
+render::Item::Bound ModelMeshPartPayload::getBound() const {
+    // NOTE: we can't cache this bounds because we need to handle the case of a moving
+    // entity or mesh part.
+    return _model->getPartBounds(_meshIndex, _partIndex, _transform.getTranslation(), _transform.getRotation());
+}
+
+void ModelMeshPartPayload::bindMesh(gpu::Batch& batch) const {
+    if (!_isBlendShaped) {
+        batch.setIndexBuffer(gpu::UINT32, (_drawMesh->getIndexBuffer()._buffer), 0);
+        
+        batch.setInputFormat((_drawMesh->getVertexFormat()));
+        
+        batch.setInputStream(0, _drawMesh->getVertexStream());
+    } else {
+        batch.setIndexBuffer(gpu::UINT32, (_drawMesh->getIndexBuffer()._buffer), 0);
+
+        batch.setInputFormat((_drawMesh->getVertexFormat()));
+
+        batch.setInputBuffer(0, _model->_blendedVertexBuffers[_meshIndex], 0, sizeof(glm::vec3));
+        batch.setInputBuffer(1, _model->_blendedVertexBuffers[_meshIndex], _drawMesh->getNumVertices() * sizeof(glm::vec3), sizeof(glm::vec3));
+        batch.setInputStream(2, _drawMesh->getVertexStream().makeRangedStream(2));
+    }
+    
+    // TODO: Get rid of that extra call
+    if (!_hasColorAttrib) {
+        batch._glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
+    }
+}
+
+void ModelMeshPartPayload::bindTransform(gpu::Batch& batch, const ModelRender::Locations* locations) const {
+    // Still relying on the raw data from the model
+    const Model::MeshState& state = _model->_meshStates.at(_meshIndex);
+
+    Transform transform;
+    if (state.clusterBuffer) {
+        if (_model->_cauterizeBones) {
+            batch.setUniformBuffer(ModelRender::SKINNING_GPU_SLOT, state.cauterizedClusterBuffer);
+        } else {
+            batch.setUniformBuffer(ModelRender::SKINNING_GPU_SLOT, state.clusterBuffer);
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (_model->_cauterizeBones) {
+            transform = Transform(state.cauterizedClusterMatrices[0]);
+        } else {
+            transform = Transform(state.clusterMatrices[0]);
+        }
+    }
+  //  transform.preTranslate(_modelPosition);
+    transform.preTranslate(_transform.getTranslation());
+    batch.setModelTransform(transform);
+}
+
+
+void ModelMeshPartPayload::render(RenderArgs* args) const {
+    PerformanceTimer perfTimer("ModelMeshPartPayload::render");
+    if (!_model->_readyWhenAdded || !_model->_isVisible) {
         return; // bail asap
     }
 
@@ -248,25 +398,25 @@ void MeshPartPayload::render(RenderArgs* args) const {
     
     auto alphaThreshold = args->_alphaThreshold; //translucent ? TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_THRESHOLD : OPAQUE_ALPHA_THRESHOLD; // FIX ME
     
-    const FBXGeometry& geometry = model->_geometry->getFBXGeometry();
-    const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<NetworkMesh>>& networkMeshes = model->_geometry->getMeshes();
+    const FBXGeometry& geometry = _model->_geometry->getFBXGeometry();
+    const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<NetworkMesh>>& networkMeshes = _model->_geometry->getMeshes();
     
     // guard against partially loaded meshes
-    if (meshIndex >= (int)networkMeshes.size() || meshIndex >= (int)geometry.meshes.size() || meshIndex >= (int)model->_meshStates.size() ) {
+    if (_meshIndex >= (int)networkMeshes.size() || _meshIndex >= (int)geometry.meshes.size() || _meshIndex >= (int)_model->_meshStates.size() ) {
         return;
     }
     
     // Back to model to update the cluster matrices right now
-    model->updateClusterMatrices(_modelPosition, _modelOrientation);
+    _model->updateClusterMatrices(_transform.getTranslation(), _transform.getRotation());
     
-    const FBXMesh& mesh = geometry.meshes.at(meshIndex);
+    const FBXMesh& mesh = geometry.meshes.at(_meshIndex);
     
     // if our index is ever out of range for either meshes or networkMeshes, then skip it, and set our _meshGroupsKnown
     // to false to rebuild out mesh groups.
-    if (meshIndex < 0 || meshIndex >= (int)networkMeshes.size() || meshIndex > geometry.meshes.size()) {
-        model->_meshGroupsKnown = false; // regenerate these lists next time around.
-        model->_readyWhenAdded = false; // in case any of our users are using scenes
-        model->invalidCalculatedMeshBoxes(); // if we have to reload, we need to assume our mesh boxes are all invalid
+    if (_meshIndex < 0 || _meshIndex >= (int)networkMeshes.size() || _meshIndex > geometry.meshes.size()) {
+        _model->_meshGroupsKnown = false; // regenerate these lists next time around.
+        _model->_readyWhenAdded = false; // in case any of our users are using scenes
+        _model->invalidCalculatedMeshBoxes(); // if we have to reload, we need to assume our mesh boxes are all invalid
         return; // FIXME!
     }
     
@@ -276,13 +426,7 @@ void MeshPartPayload::render(RenderArgs* args) const {
         // sanity check
         return; // FIXME!
     }
-    
-    
-    // guard against partially loaded meshes
-    if (partIndex >= mesh.parts.size()) {
-        return;
-    }
-    
+
     model::MaterialKey drawMaterialKey;
     if (_drawMaterial) {
         drawMaterialKey = _drawMaterial->getKey();
@@ -293,12 +437,12 @@ void MeshPartPayload::render(RenderArgs* args) const {
     bool hasSpecular = drawMaterialKey.isGlossMap();
     bool hasLightmap = drawMaterialKey.isLightmapMap();
     bool isSkinned = _isSkinned;
-    bool wireframe = model->isWireframe();
+    bool wireframe = _model->isWireframe();
     
     // render the part bounding box
 #ifdef DEBUG_BOUNDING_PARTS
     {
-        AABox partBounds = getPartBounds(meshIndex, partIndex);
+        AABox partBounds = getPartBounds(_meshIndex, partIndex);
         bool inView = args->_viewFrustum->boxInFrustum(partBounds) != ViewFrustum::OUTSIDE;
         
         glm::vec4 cubeColor;
diff --git a/libraries/render-utils/src/MeshPartPayload.h b/libraries/render-utils/src/MeshPartPayload.h
index b29d9510d1..e03d1c8a68 100644
--- a/libraries/render-utils/src/MeshPartPayload.h
+++ b/libraries/render-utils/src/MeshPartPayload.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //
-//  MeshPartPayload.h
+//  ModelMeshPartPayload.h
 //  interface/src/renderer
 //
 //  Created by Sam Gateau on 10/3/15.
@@ -24,41 +24,44 @@ class Model;
 
 class MeshPartPayload {
 public:
-    MeshPartPayload(Model* model, int meshIndex, int partIndex, int shapeIndex, glm::vec3 position, glm::quat orientation);
-    
+    MeshPartPayload() {}
+    MeshPartPayload(model::MeshPointer mesh, int partIndex, model::MaterialPointer material, const Transform& transform, const Transform& offsetTransform);
+
     typedef render::Payload<MeshPartPayload> Payload;
     typedef Payload::DataPointer Pointer;
 
-    Model* model;
-    int meshIndex;
-    int partIndex;
-    int _shapeID;
-    glm::vec3 _modelPosition;
-    glm::quat _modelOrientation;
+    virtual void updateMeshPart(model::MeshPointer drawMesh, int partIndex);
 
-    void updateModelLocation(glm::vec3 position, glm::quat orientation);
+    virtual void notifyLocationChanged() {}
+    virtual void updateTransform(const Transform& transform, const Transform& offsetTransform);
+
+    virtual void updateMaterial(model::MaterialPointer drawMaterial);
 
     // Render Item interface
-    render::ItemKey getKey() const;
-    render::Item::Bound getBound() const;
-    void render(RenderArgs* args) const;
-    
-    // MeshPartPayload functions to perform render
+    virtual render::ItemKey getKey() const;
+    virtual render::Item::Bound getBound() const;
+    virtual void render(RenderArgs* args) const;
+
+    // ModelMeshPartPayload functions to perform render
     void drawCall(gpu::Batch& batch) const;
-    void bindMesh(gpu::Batch& batch) const;
-    void bindMaterial(gpu::Batch& batch, const ModelRender::Locations* locations) const;
-    void bindTransform(gpu::Batch& batch, const ModelRender::Locations* locations) const;
-
-
-    void initCache();
+    virtual void bindMesh(gpu::Batch& batch) const;
+    virtual void bindMaterial(gpu::Batch& batch, const ModelRender::Locations* locations) const;
+    virtual void bindTransform(gpu::Batch& batch, const ModelRender::Locations* locations) const;
 
     // Payload resource cached values
     model::MeshPointer _drawMesh;
+    int _partIndex = 0;
     model::Mesh::Part _drawPart;
+
     model::MaterialPointer _drawMaterial;
+    
+    model::Box _localBound;
+    Transform _drawTransform;
+    Transform _transform;
+    Transform _offsetTransform;
+    mutable model::Box _worldBound;
+    
     bool _hasColorAttrib = false;
-    bool _isSkinned = false;
-    bool _isBlendShaped = false;
 };
 
 namespace render {
@@ -67,4 +70,32 @@ namespace render {
     template <> void payloadRender(const MeshPartPayload::Pointer& payload, RenderArgs* args);
 }
 
+
+class ModelMeshPartPayload : public MeshPartPayload {
+public:
+    ModelMeshPartPayload(Model* model, int meshIndex, int partIndex, int shapeIndex, const Transform& transform, const Transform& offsetTransform);
+    
+    typedef render::Payload<ModelMeshPartPayload> Payload;
+    typedef Payload::DataPointer Pointer;
+
+    void notifyLocationChanged() override;
+
+    // Render Item interface
+    render::ItemKey getKey() const override;
+    render::Item::Bound getBound() const override;
+    void render(RenderArgs* args) const override;
+    
+    // ModelMeshPartPayload functions to perform render
+    void bindMesh(gpu::Batch& batch) const override;
+    void bindTransform(gpu::Batch& batch, const ModelRender::Locations* locations) const override;
+
+
+    void initCache();
+    Model* _model;
+    int _meshIndex;
+    int _shapeID;
+    bool _isSkinned = false;
+    bool _isBlendShaped = false;
+};
+
 #endif // hifi_MeshPartPayload_h
diff --git a/libraries/render-utils/src/Model.cpp b/libraries/render-utils/src/Model.cpp
index b367d299e5..99261a02b4 100644
--- a/libraries/render-utils/src/Model.cpp
+++ b/libraries/render-utils/src/Model.cpp
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ void Model::setScale(const glm::vec3& scale) {
     _scaledToFit = false;
 }
 
-const float METERS_PER_MILLIMETER = 0.01f;
+const float METERS_PER_MILLIMETER = 0.01f; 
 
 void Model::setScaleInternal(const glm::vec3& scale) {
     if (glm::distance(_scale, scale) > METERS_PER_MILLIMETER) {
@@ -110,11 +110,19 @@ void Model::setOffset(const glm::vec3& offset) {
 void Model::enqueueLocationChange() {
     render::ScenePointer scene = AbstractViewStateInterface::instance()->getMain3DScene();
 
+    Transform transform;
+    transform.setTranslation(_translation);
+    transform.setRotation(_rotation);
+
+    Transform offset;
+    offset.setScale(_scale);
+    offset.postTranslate(_offset);
+
     render::PendingChanges pendingChanges;
     foreach (auto itemID, _renderItems.keys()) {
-        pendingChanges.updateItem<MeshPartPayload>(itemID, [=](MeshPartPayload& data) {
-            data.updateModelLocation(_translation, _rotation);
-            data.model->_needsUpdateClusterMatrices = true;
+        pendingChanges.updateItem<MeshPartPayload>(itemID, [transform, offset](MeshPartPayload& data) {
+            data.updateTransform(transform, offset);
+            data.notifyLocationChanged();
         });
     }
 
@@ -495,11 +503,10 @@ bool Model::addToScene(std::shared_ptr<render::Scene> scene, render::PendingChan
 
     foreach (auto renderItem, _renderItemsSet) {
         auto item = scene->allocateID();
-        auto renderData = MeshPartPayload::Pointer(renderItem);
-        auto renderPayload = std::make_shared<MeshPartPayload::Payload>(renderData);
+        auto renderPayload = std::make_shared<MeshPartPayload::Payload>(renderItem);
         pendingChanges.resetItem(item, renderPayload);
-        pendingChanges.updateItem<MeshPartPayload>(item, [&](MeshPartPayload& data) {
-            data.model->_needsUpdateClusterMatrices = true;
+        pendingChanges.updateItem<MeshPartPayload>(item, [](MeshPartPayload& data) {
+            data.notifyLocationChanged();
         });
         _renderItems.insert(item, renderPayload);
         somethingAdded = true;
@@ -523,12 +530,11 @@ bool Model::addToScene(std::shared_ptr<render::Scene> scene,
 
     foreach (auto renderItem, _renderItemsSet) {
         auto item = scene->allocateID();
-        auto renderData = MeshPartPayload::Pointer(renderItem);
-        auto renderPayload = std::make_shared<MeshPartPayload::Payload>(renderData);
+        auto renderPayload = std::make_shared<MeshPartPayload::Payload>(renderItem);
         renderPayload->addStatusGetters(statusGetters);
         pendingChanges.resetItem(item, renderPayload);
-        pendingChanges.updateItem<MeshPartPayload>(item, [&](MeshPartPayload& data) {
-            data.model->_needsUpdateClusterMatrices = true;
+        pendingChanges.updateItem<MeshPartPayload>(item, [](MeshPartPayload& data) {
+            data.notifyLocationChanged();
         });
         _renderItems.insert(item, renderPayload);
         somethingAdded = true;
@@ -1127,8 +1133,14 @@ AABox Model::getPartBounds(int meshIndex, int partIndex, glm::vec3 modelPosition
 
 void Model::segregateMeshGroups() {
     QSharedPointer<NetworkGeometry> networkGeometry;
-    if (_showCollisionHull && _collisionGeometry && _collisionGeometry->isLoaded()) {
-        networkGeometry = _collisionGeometry;
+    bool showingCollisionHull = false;
+    if (_showCollisionHull && _collisionGeometry) {
+        if (_collisionGeometry->isLoaded()) {
+            networkGeometry = _collisionGeometry;
+            showingCollisionHull = true;
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
     } else {
         networkGeometry = _geometry;
     }
@@ -1136,8 +1148,10 @@ void Model::segregateMeshGroups() {
     const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<NetworkMesh>>& networkMeshes = networkGeometry->getMeshes();
 
     // all of our mesh vectors must match in size
-    if ((int)networkMeshes.size() != geometry.meshes.size() ||
-        geometry.meshes.size() != _meshStates.size()) {
+    auto geoMeshesSize = geometry.meshes.size();
+    if ((int)networkMeshes.size() != geoMeshesSize ||
+      //  geometry.meshes.size() != _meshStates.size()) {
+        geoMeshesSize > _meshStates.size()) {
         qDebug() << "WARNING!!!! Mesh Sizes don't match! We will not segregate mesh groups yet.";
         return;
     }
@@ -1147,15 +1161,30 @@ void Model::segregateMeshGroups() {
 
     _renderItemsSet.clear();
 
+    Transform transform;
+    transform.setTranslation(_translation);
+    transform.setRotation(_rotation);
+
+    Transform offset;
+    offset.setScale(_scale);
+    offset.postTranslate(_offset);
+
     // Run through all of the meshes, and place them into their segregated, but unsorted buckets
     int shapeID = 0;
     for (int i = 0; i < (int)networkMeshes.size(); i++) {
         const FBXMesh& mesh = geometry.meshes.at(i);
+        const NetworkMesh& networkMesh = *(networkMeshes.at(i).get());
 
         // Create the render payloads
         int totalParts = mesh.parts.size();
         for (int partIndex = 0; partIndex < totalParts; partIndex++) {
-            _renderItemsSet << std::make_shared<MeshPartPayload>(this, i, partIndex, shapeID, _translation, _rotation);
+            if (showingCollisionHull) {
+                _renderItemsSet << std::make_shared<MeshPartPayload>(networkMesh._mesh, partIndex, ModelRender::getCollisionHullMaterial(), transform, offset);
+
+            } else {
+                _renderItemsSet << std::make_shared<ModelMeshPartPayload>(this, i, partIndex, shapeID, transform, offset);
+            }
+
             shapeID++;
         }
     }
@@ -1168,15 +1197,22 @@ bool Model::initWhenReady(render::ScenePointer scene) {
 
         render::PendingChanges pendingChanges;
 
+        Transform transform;
+        transform.setTranslation(_translation);
+        transform.setRotation(_rotation);
+
+        Transform offset;
+        offset.setScale(_scale);
+        offset.postTranslate(_offset);
+
         foreach (auto renderItem, _renderItemsSet) {
             auto item = scene->allocateID();
-            auto renderData = MeshPartPayload::Pointer(renderItem);
-            auto renderPayload = std::make_shared<MeshPartPayload::Payload>(renderData);
+            auto renderPayload = std::make_shared<MeshPartPayload::Payload>(renderItem);
             _renderItems.insert(item, renderPayload);
             pendingChanges.resetItem(item, renderPayload);
-            pendingChanges.updateItem<MeshPartPayload>(item, [&](MeshPartPayload& data) {
-                data.updateModelLocation(_translation, _rotation);
-                data.model->_needsUpdateClusterMatrices = true;
+            pendingChanges.updateItem<MeshPartPayload>(item, [transform,offset](MeshPartPayload& data) {
+                data.updateTransform(transform, offset);
+                data.notifyLocationChanged();
             });
         }
         scene->enqueuePendingChanges(pendingChanges);
diff --git a/libraries/render-utils/src/Model.h b/libraries/render-utils/src/Model.h
index d77cf830bd..08abb74316 100644
--- a/libraries/render-utils/src/Model.h
+++ b/libraries/render-utils/src/Model.h
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ private:
     bool _needsUpdateClusterMatrices = true;
     bool _showCollisionHull = false;
 
-    friend class MeshPartPayload;
+    friend class ModelMeshPartPayload;
 protected:
     RigPointer _rig;
 };
diff --git a/libraries/render-utils/src/ModelRender.cpp b/libraries/render-utils/src/ModelRender.cpp
index 73f3d715b6..10c9d738d2 100644
--- a/libraries/render-utils/src/ModelRender.cpp
+++ b/libraries/render-utils/src/ModelRender.cpp
@@ -280,3 +280,16 @@ void ModelRender::pickPrograms(gpu::Batch& batch, RenderArgs::RenderMode mode, b
             DependencyManager::get<TextureCache>()->getNormalFittingTexture());
     }
 }
+
+model::MaterialPointer ModelRender::_collisionHullMaterial;
+
+model::MaterialPointer ModelRender::getCollisionHullMaterial() {
+    if (!_collisionHullMaterial) {
+        _collisionHullMaterial = std::make_shared<model::Material>();
+        _collisionHullMaterial->setDiffuse(glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f));
+        _collisionHullMaterial->setMetallic(0.02f);
+        _collisionHullMaterial->setGloss(1.0f);
+    }
+    return _collisionHullMaterial;
+}
+
diff --git a/libraries/render-utils/src/ModelRender.h b/libraries/render-utils/src/ModelRender.h
index 1528dcfc87..39fe05378d 100644
--- a/libraries/render-utils/src/ModelRender.h
+++ b/libraries/render-utils/src/ModelRender.h
@@ -149,6 +149,11 @@ public:
 
     static const RenderPipelineLib& getRenderPipelineLib();
 
+    // Collision hull Material
+    static model::MaterialPointer _collisionHullMaterial;
+
+    static model::MaterialPointer getCollisionHullMaterial();
+
 };
 
 #endif // hifi_ModelRender_h
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libraries/shared/CMakeLists.txt b/libraries/shared/CMakeLists.txt
index 2691c51128..489819747f 100644
--- a/libraries/shared/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/libraries/shared/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set(TARGET_NAME shared)
 setup_hifi_library(Gui Network Script Widgets)
 
 target_zlib()
+target_nsight()
diff --git a/libraries/shared/src/AABox.cpp b/libraries/shared/src/AABox.cpp
index 7c001c570e..d16bdafcec 100644
--- a/libraries/shared/src/AABox.cpp
+++ b/libraries/shared/src/AABox.cpp
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "AABox.h"
 
 #include "AACube.h"
+#include "Transform.h"
 #include "Extents.h"
 #include "GeometryUtil.h"
 #include "NumericalConstants.h"
@@ -42,50 +43,6 @@ glm::vec3 AABox::calcCenter() const {
     return center;
 }
 
-void AABox::rotate(const glm::quat& rotation) {
-    auto minimum = _corner;
-    auto maximum = _corner + _scale;
-    
-    glm::vec3 bottomLeftNear(minimum.x, minimum.y, minimum.z);
-    glm::vec3 bottomRightNear(maximum.x, minimum.y, minimum.z);
-    glm::vec3 bottomLeftFar(minimum.x, minimum.y, maximum.z);
-    glm::vec3 bottomRightFar(maximum.x, minimum.y, maximum.z);
-    glm::vec3 topLeftNear(minimum.x, maximum.y, minimum.z);
-    glm::vec3 topRightNear(maximum.x, maximum.y, minimum.z);
-    glm::vec3 topLeftFar(minimum.x, maximum.y, maximum.z);
-    glm::vec3 topRightFar(maximum.x, maximum.y, maximum.z);
-    
-    glm::vec3 bottomLeftNearRotated =  rotation * bottomLeftNear;
-    glm::vec3 bottomRightNearRotated = rotation * bottomRightNear;
-    glm::vec3 bottomLeftFarRotated = rotation * bottomLeftFar;
-    glm::vec3 bottomRightFarRotated = rotation * bottomRightFar;
-    glm::vec3 topLeftNearRotated = rotation * topLeftNear;
-    glm::vec3 topRightNearRotated = rotation * topRightNear;
-    glm::vec3 topLeftFarRotated = rotation * topLeftFar;
-    glm::vec3 topRightFarRotated = rotation * topRightFar;
-    
-    minimum = glm::min(bottomLeftNearRotated,
-                glm::min(bottomRightNearRotated,
-                glm::min(bottomLeftFarRotated,
-                glm::min(bottomRightFarRotated,
-                glm::min(topLeftNearRotated,
-                glm::min(topRightNearRotated,
-                glm::min(topLeftFarRotated,
-                         topRightFarRotated)))))));
-    
-    maximum = glm::max(bottomLeftNearRotated,
-                glm::max(bottomRightNearRotated,
-                glm::max(bottomLeftFarRotated,
-                glm::max(bottomRightFarRotated,
-                glm::max(topLeftNearRotated,
-                glm::max(topRightNearRotated,
-                glm::max(topLeftFarRotated,
-                         topRightFarRotated)))))));
-    
-    _corner = minimum;
-    _scale = maximum - minimum;
-}
-
 glm::vec3 AABox::getVertex(BoxVertex vertex) const {
     switch (vertex) {
         case BOTTOM_LEFT_NEAR:
@@ -525,3 +482,59 @@ AABox& AABox::operator += (const AABox& box) {
     }
     return (*this);
 }
+
+void AABox::scale(const glm::vec3& scale) {
+    _corner *= scale;
+    _scale *= scale;
+}
+
+
+void AABox::rotate(const glm::quat& rotation) {
+    auto minimum = _corner;
+    auto maximum = _corner + _scale;
+
+    glm::vec3 bottomLeftNear(minimum.x, minimum.y, minimum.z);
+    glm::vec3 bottomRightNear(maximum.x, minimum.y, minimum.z);
+    glm::vec3 bottomLeftFar(minimum.x, minimum.y, maximum.z);
+    glm::vec3 bottomRightFar(maximum.x, minimum.y, maximum.z);
+    glm::vec3 topLeftNear(minimum.x, maximum.y, minimum.z);
+    glm::vec3 topRightNear(maximum.x, maximum.y, minimum.z);
+    glm::vec3 topLeftFar(minimum.x, maximum.y, maximum.z);
+    glm::vec3 topRightFar(maximum.x, maximum.y, maximum.z);
+
+    glm::vec3 bottomLeftNearRotated = rotation * bottomLeftNear;
+    glm::vec3 bottomRightNearRotated = rotation * bottomRightNear;
+    glm::vec3 bottomLeftFarRotated = rotation * bottomLeftFar;
+    glm::vec3 bottomRightFarRotated = rotation * bottomRightFar;
+    glm::vec3 topLeftNearRotated = rotation * topLeftNear;
+    glm::vec3 topRightNearRotated = rotation * topRightNear;
+    glm::vec3 topLeftFarRotated = rotation * topLeftFar;
+    glm::vec3 topRightFarRotated = rotation * topRightFar;
+
+    minimum = glm::min(bottomLeftNearRotated,
+        glm::min(bottomRightNearRotated,
+        glm::min(bottomLeftFarRotated,
+        glm::min(bottomRightFarRotated,
+        glm::min(topLeftNearRotated,
+        glm::min(topRightNearRotated,
+        glm::min(topLeftFarRotated,
+        topRightFarRotated)))))));
+
+    maximum = glm::max(bottomLeftNearRotated,
+        glm::max(bottomRightNearRotated,
+        glm::max(bottomLeftFarRotated,
+        glm::max(bottomRightFarRotated,
+        glm::max(topLeftNearRotated,
+        glm::max(topRightNearRotated,
+        glm::max(topLeftFarRotated,
+        topRightFarRotated)))))));
+
+    _corner = minimum;
+    _scale = maximum - minimum;
+}
+
+void AABox::transform(const Transform& transform) {
+    scale(transform.getScale());
+    rotate(transform.getRotation());
+    translate(transform.getTranslation());
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libraries/shared/src/AABox.h b/libraries/shared/src/AABox.h
index 8de0462138..24791445b3 100644
--- a/libraries/shared/src/AABox.h
+++ b/libraries/shared/src/AABox.h
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 class AACube;
 class Extents;
+class Transform;
 
 class AABox {
 
@@ -40,12 +41,7 @@ public:
     void setBox(const glm::vec3& corner, float scale);
     glm::vec3 getVertexP(const glm::vec3& normal) const;
     glm::vec3 getVertexN(const glm::vec3& normal) const;
-    
-    void shiftBy(const glm::vec3& delta) { _corner += delta; }
-    void rotate(const glm::quat& rotation);
-    void scale(float scale) { _corner *= scale; _scale *= scale; }
-    void scale(const glm::vec3& scale) { _corner *= scale; _scale *= scale; }
-    
+
     const glm::vec3& getCorner() const { return _corner; }
     const glm::vec3& getScale() const { return _scale; }
     const glm::vec3& getDimensions() const { return _scale; }
@@ -85,6 +81,20 @@ public:
     AABox& operator += (const glm::vec3& point);
     AABox& operator += (const AABox& box);
 
+    // Translate the AABox just moving the corner
+    void translate(const glm::vec3& translation) { _corner += translation; }
+
+    // Rotate the AABox around its frame origin
+    // meaning rotating the corners of the AABox around the point {0,0,0} and reevaluating the min max
+    void rotate(const glm::quat& rotation);
+
+    /// Scale the AABox
+    void scale(float scale);
+    void scale(const glm::vec3& scale);
+
+    // Transform the extents with transform
+    void transform(const Transform& transform);
+
     bool isInvalid() const { return _corner == glm::vec3(std::numeric_limits<float>::infinity()); }
 
 private:
diff --git a/libraries/shared/src/shared/NsightHelpers.cpp b/libraries/shared/src/shared/NsightHelpers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e48e228588
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/shared/src/shared/NsightHelpers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//
+//  Created by Bradley Austin Davis on 2015/12/10
+//  Copyright 2015 High Fidelity, Inc.
+//
+//  Distributed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
+//  See the accompanying file LICENSE or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html
+//
+
+#include "NsightHelpers.h"
+
+#if defined(NSIGHT_FOUND)
+#include "nvToolsExt.h"
+
+ProfileRange::ProfileRange(const char *name) {
+    nvtxRangePush(name);
+}
+
+ProfileRange::~ProfileRange() {
+    nvtxRangePop();
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/libraries/shared/src/shared/NsightHelpers.h b/libraries/shared/src/shared/NsightHelpers.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3acdf14411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libraries/shared/src/shared/NsightHelpers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//
+//  Created by Bradley Austin Davis on 2015/12/10
+//  Copyright 2015 High Fidelity, Inc.
+//
+//  Distributed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
+//  See the accompanying file LICENSE or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html
+//
+#pragma once
+#ifndef hifi_gl_NsightHelpers_h
+#define hifi_gl_NsightHelpers_h
+
+#if defined(NSIGHT_FOUND)
+    class ProfileRange {
+    public:
+        ProfileRange(const char *name);
+        ~ProfileRange();
+    };
+#define PROFILE_RANGE(name) ProfileRange profileRangeThis(name);
+#else
+#define PROFILE_RANGE(name)
+#endif
+
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file